Sleep quality, mental health and body mass index among undergraduate medical students: a cross-sectional study

Authors

  • Piyush Kharche Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
  • Rupali A. Patle Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20213925

Keywords:

Sleep quality, BMI, Poor sleep quality, Anxiety, Depression, Undergraduate students

Abstract

Background: Association of sleep disorders is found cardiovascular mortality, stroke, diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, immune dysfunction, endocrine impairments, and psychiatric morbidities including depression. Sleep quality affects college students physical and psychological health. Thus, poor sleep quality is a serious problem in college students. This study was done to assess the quality of sleep among undergraduate medical college students, to explore relationship between quality of sleep and body mass index, to study relationship between quality of sleep and anxiety, to study relationship between quality of sleep and depression.

Methods: Total 300 medical students were selected by systematic random sampling method i.e. 25 students from each year studying in 3 government medical college were selected. A descriptive questionnaire for all socio-demographic parameters along with validated instrument i.e. for sleep quality, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), for anxiety Hamilton anxiety rating scale and for depression, Becks depression inventory were used for the data collection instruments.

Results: Amongst the 300 subjects 189 (63.00%) were found to be poor sleepers. The sleep quality was poor among the subjects who are in final academic year though the difference was not statistically significant (c²=2.78, df=3, p=0.4267). It was found that sleep quality was decreased among overweight and obese persons, but the difference was not statistically significant. (c²=4.657, df=2, p=0.0974). Prevalence of anxiety was found to be more in poor sleepers. Depression was also more common among the poor sleepers and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusions: Poor sleep quality was associated with depression and anxiety in students.

References

Buysse DJ. Charles F. Reynolds l, Monk TH, Susan R. Berman, and Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiat Res. 2014;23:193-213.

Briançon-Marjollet A, Weiszenstein M, Henri M, Thomas A, Godin-Ribuot D, Polak J. The impact of sleep disorders on glucose metabolism: endocrine and molecular mechanisms. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2015; 7:25.

Vargas PA, Flores M, Robles E. Sleep quality and body mass index in college students: the role of sleep disturbances. J Am Coll Health. 2014;62(8):534-41.

Brick CA, Seely DL, Palermo TM. Association between sleep hygiene and sleep quality in medical students. Behav Sleep Med. 2010;8(2):113-21.

Lund HG, Reider BD, Whiting AB, Prichard JR. Sleep patterns and predictors of disturbed sleep in a large population of college students. J Adolescent Health. 2010;46:124-32.

James BO, Omoaregba JO, Igberase OO. Prevalence and correlates of poor sleep quality among medical students at a Nigerian university. Ann Nigerian Med. 2011;5(1):1-5.

Surani AA, Zahid S, Surani A, Ali S, Mubeen M, Khan RH.Sleep quality among medical students of Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015;65(4):380-2.

Dinis J, Bragança M. Quality of sleep and depression in college students: a systematic review. Sleep Sci. 2018;11(4):290-301.

Khero M, Fatima M, Shah MAA, Tahir A. Comparison of the Status of Sleep Quality in Basic and Clinical Medical Students. Cureus. 2019;11(3): e4326.

Maheshwari G, Shaukat F. Impact of poor sleep quality on the academic performance of medical students. Cureus. 2019;11(4):e4357.

Vargas PA1, Flores M, Robles E. Sleep quality and body mass index in college students: the role of sleep disturbances. J AM Coll Health. 2014;62(8):534-41.

Tepe SO, Gunes G, Pehlivan E, Genc M. The relationship between body mass index and Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Eur J Public Health. 2015;27(3): 42-9.

Abdel WWY, Hassan SK. Prevalence and associated factors of stress, anxiety and depression among medical Fayoum University students. Alexandria J Med. 2017;53:77-84.

Kristicevic T, Lovrostefan ID and Goran Sporis. The associations between sleep duration and sleep quality with body-mass index in a large sample of young adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15:758.

Martua E, Wendra S, Simon E. Comparison of anxiety level on medical skill examination between students of medical faculty of Hang Tuah University. Surabaya Oceana Biomed J. 2020;15:42-9.

Carney CE, Edinger JD, Meyer B, Lindman L, Istre T. Daily activities and sleep quality in college students. Chronobiol Int. 2006;23(3):623-37.

Lemma A. Sleep quality and its psychological correlates among university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiat. 2012;12:237.

Abdussalam A, Salman MT, Shushma G, Trivedi M, Farooqi M. Poor quality of sleep and its relationship with depression in first year medical students. Adv Life Sci Technol. 2013;12:17-21.

Adams SK, Kisler TS. Sleep quality as a mediator between technologyrelated sleep quality, depression, and anxiety. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2013; 16(1):25-30.

Demirci K, Akgönül M, Akpinar A. Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. J Behav Addict. 2015;4(2):85-92.

Begüm DAG, Fatma Y. The relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Turk J Med Sci. 2017;47:721-7.

Nyer M, Farabaugh A, Fehling K, Soskin D, Holt D, Papakostas GI, et al. Relationship between sleep disturbance and depression, anxiety, and functioning in college students. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30:873-80.

Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561-71.

Maier W, Buller R, Philipp M, Heuser I. The Hamilton anxiety acale: reliability, validity and sensitivity to change in anxiety and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 1988;14(1):61-8.

Chaput JP, Brunet M, Tremblay A. Relationship between short sleeping hours and childhood overweight/obesity: results from the Quebec enForme Project. Int J Obes. 2006;30(7):1080-5.

Bawazeer NM, Al-Daghri NM, Valsamakis G, Al-Rubeaan KA, SabicoSL, Huang TT, Mastorakos GP, Kumar S. Sleep duration and quality associated with obesity among Arab children. Obes. 2000;17(12): 2251-3.

Bell JF, Zimmerman FJ. Shortened nighttime sleep duration in early life and subsequent childhood obesity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010;164(9):840-5.

Downloads

Published

2021-09-28

How to Cite

Kharche, P., & Patle, R. A. (2021). Sleep quality, mental health and body mass index among undergraduate medical students: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 9(10), 3017–3021. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20213925

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles