Wounds: physiological mechanisms and factors affecting healing

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20221000

Keywords:

Influencing factors, Healing physiology, Wounds

Abstract

Wound healing involves cellular, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms that are divided into: three phases of healing: inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. Factors that affect wound healing are; 1. local factors, which consist of oxygenation and infection and 2. systemic factors, including: age and gender, sex hormones, stress, diabetes mellitus, obesity, drugs, alcohol and smoking and nutrition.

 

References

Borena BM, Martens A, Broeckx SY. Regenerative Skin wound healing in mammals: State-of-the-art on growth factor and stem cell based treatments. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;36(1):1-23.

Man E, Hoskins C. Towards advanced wound regeneration. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2020;149:105360.

Rittié L. Cellular mechanisms of skin repair in humans and other mammals. J Cell Commun Signal. 2016;10(2):103-20.

Wang P, Huang B, Horng H, Yeh C. ScienceDirect Wound healing. J Chinese Med Assoc. 2018;81(2):94-101.

Rodrigues M, Kosaric N, Bonham CA, Gurtner GC. Wound healing: A cellular perspective. Physiol Rev. 2019;99(1):665-706.

Guo S, DiPietro LA. Critical review in oral biology and medicine: Factors affecting wound healing. J Dent Res. 2010;89(3):219-29.

Ylä-Herttuala S, Rissanen TT, Vajanto I, Hartikainen J. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors. Biology and Current Status of Clinical Applications in Cardiovascular Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(10):1015-26.

Tottoli EM, Dorati R, Genta I, Chiesa E, Pisani S, Conti B. Skin wound healing process and new emerging technologies for skin wound care and regeneration. Pharmaceutics. 2020;12(8):1-30.

Singer AJ, Clark RAF. Cutaneous Wound Healing. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(10):738-46.

Veith AP, Henderson K, Spencer A, Sligar AD, Baker AB. Therapeutic strategies for enhancing angiogenesis in wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019;146:97-125.

Tomic-Canic M, Wong LL, Smola H. The epithelialization phase in wound healing: options to enhance wound closure. J Wound Care. 2018;27(10):646-58.

Reinke JM, Sorg H. Wound repair and regeneration. Eur Surg Res. 2012;49(1):35-43.

Gushiken LFS, Beserra FP, Bastos JK, Jackson CJ, Pellizzon CH. Cutaneous wound healing: An update from physiopathology to current therapies. Life. 2021;11(7):1-15.

Bishop A. Role of oxygen in wound healing. J Wound Care. 2008;17(9):399-402.

Rodriguez PG, Felix FN, Woodley DT, Shim EK. The Role of Oxygen in Wound Healing: A Review of the Literature. Dermatologic Surg. 2008;34(9):1159-69.

Tandara AA, Mustoe TA. Oxygen in Wound Healing-More than a Nutrient. World J Heaven. 2004;28(3):294-300.

Singh S, Young A, McNaught CE. The physiology of wound healing. Surg-Oxford Int Ed. 2017;35(9):473-7.

Edwards R, Harding KG. Bacteria and wound healing.Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2004;17(2).

Beyene RT, Derryberry SL, Barbul A. The Effect of Comorbidities on Wound Healing. Surg Clin North Am. 2020;100(4):695-705.

Horng HC, Chang WH, Yeh CC. Estrogen effects on wound healing.Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(11):1-14.

Gilliver SC, Ashworth JJ, Ashcroft GS. The hormonal regulation of cutaneous wound healing. Clin Dermatol. 2007;25(1):56-62.

Takahashi A, Flanigan ME, McEwen BS, Russo SJ. Aggression, social stress, and the immune system in humans and animal models. Front Behavior Neurosci. 2018;12.

Sen CK. Human Wounds and Its Burden: An Updated Compendium of Estimates.Adv Wound Care. 2019;8(2):39-48.

Avishai E, Yeghiazaryan K, Golubnitschaja O. Impaired wound healing: Facts and hypotheses for multi-professional considerations in predictive, preventive and personalized medicine.EPMA J. 2017;8(1):23-33.

Franz MG, Steed DL, Robson MC. Optimizing Healing of the Acute Wound by Minimizing Complications.Curr Probl Surg. 2007;44(11):691-763.

Krischak GD, Augat P, Claes L, Kinzl L, Beck A. The effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug application on incisional wound healing in rats. J Wound Care. 2007;16(2):76-8.

Five MHM. Topical Insulin Accelerates Wound Healing in Diabetes by Enhancing the AKT and ERK Pathways : A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled. Clinical Trial. 2012;7(5):1-13.

Martínez-Jiménez MA, Aguilar-García J, Valdés-Rodríguez R. Local Use of Insulin in Wounds of Diabetic Patients: Higher Temperature, Fibrosis, and Angiogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013;132(6).

Papapetropoulos A, García-Cardea G, Madri JA, Sessa WC. Nitric oxide production contributes to the angiogenic properties of vascular endothelial growth factor in human endothelial cells. J Clin Invest. 1997;100(12):3131-9.

Zhang X, Wu X, Wolf SE, Hawkins HK, Chinkes DL, Wolfe RR. Local Insulin-Zinc Injection Accelerates Skin Donor Site Wound Healing. J Surg Res. 2007;142(1):90-6.

Lee CH, Hsieh MJ, Chang SH, et al. Enhancement of diabetic wound repair using biodegradable nanofibrous metformin-eluting membranes: in vitro and in vivo. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2014;6(6):3979-86.

Mirza RE, Fang MM, Ennis WJ, Kohl TJ. Blocking interleukin-1β induces a healing-associated wound macrophage phenotype and improves healing in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2013;62(7):2579-87.

Bitto A, Altavilla D, Pizzino G. Inhibition of inflammasome activation improves the impaired pattern of healing in genetically diabetic mice. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(9):2300-7.

Beahrs TR, Reagan J, Bettin CC, Grear BJ, Murphy GA, Richardson DR. Smoking Effects in Foot and Ankle Surgery: An Evidence-Based Review. Foot Ankle Int. 2019;40(10):1226-32.

Wild T, Rahbarnia A, Kellner M, Sobotka L, Eberlein T. Basics in nutrition and wound healing. Nutrition. 2010;26(9):862-6.

Downloads

Published

2022-03-28

How to Cite

Rosyid, F. (2022). Wounds: physiological mechanisms and factors affecting healing. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 10(4), 1001–1006. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20221000

Issue

Section

Review Articles