Similar prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in any ICU survivor patient relative
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20233394Keywords:
Chronic critically ill, PICS-F, Relative, Depression, Family, AnxietyAbstract
Background: Iwashyna et al defined a chronic critically ill (CCI) patient as any patient requiring care in ICU for more than or equal to 10 days. Physicians often assume that the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in relatives of CCI patients would be higher than in those patients who are not CCI. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of relatives of a CCI and those whose patients are not CCI. We aimed to establish that the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms are similar in relatives of any ICU survivor patient.
Methods: The study was a non-interventional, observational, cross-sectional study. Relatives were evaluated as early as possible after day ten following ICU admission for CCI patients and non-CCI patients on or a day before discharge from ICU. During this evaluation, anonymous demographic data of relatives were captured, and PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales were administered and completed by the relative.
Results: A total of 418 relatives consented and were included in the study [104 in CCI patient group and 314 in non-CCI group]. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in the entire study cohort was 23.2% (95% CI, 19.4-27.5) and 16.5% (95% CI, 13.2-20.4), respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the proportion of PHQ-9 total score >9 (p value: 0.577) as well as the GAD-7 total score (p value: 0.816).
Conclusions: There was no difference in the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in relatives of a CCI versus those whose patients are not CCI.
Metrics
References
Chang PY, Chang TH, Yu JM. Perceived stress and social support needs among primary family caregivers of ICU Patients in Taiwan. Heart Lung. 2021;50(4):491-8.
Van Sleeuwen D, Van de Laar F, Geense W, Van den Boogaard M, Zegers M. Health problems among family caregivers of former intensive care unit (ICU) patients: an interview study. BJGP Open. 2020;27(4):4.
Davidson JE, Jones C, Bienvenu OJ. Family response to critical illness: postintensive care syndrome-family. Crit Care Med. 2012;40(2):618-24.
Rawal G, Yadav S, Kumar R. Post-intensive care syndrome: An overview. J Translat Int Medi. 2017;5(2):90-2.
Pochard F, Darmon M, Fassier T, Bollaert PE, Cheval C, Coloigner M, et al. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in family members of intensive care unit patients before discharge or death. A prospective multicenter study. J Crit Care. 2005;20(1):90-6.
Haines KJ, Denehy L, Skinner EH, Warrillow S, Berney S. Psychosocial outcomes in informal caregivers of the critically ill: A systematic review. Crit Care Medi. 2015;43(5):1112-20.
Hwang DY, Yagoda D, Perrey HM, Currier PF, Tehan TM, Guanci M, et al. Anxiety and depression symptoms among families of adult intensive care unit survivors immediately following brief length of stay. J Crit Care. 2014;29(2):278-82.
Iwashyna TJ, Hodgson CL, Pilcher D, Bailey M, van Lint A, Chavan S, et al. Timing of onset and burden of persistent critical illness in Australia and New Zealand: a retrospective, population-based, observational study. Lancet Resp Med. 2016;4(7):566-73.
Serrano P, Kheir Y, Wang S, Khan S, Scheunemann L, Khan B. Aging and postintensive care syndrome- family: a critical need for geriatric psychiatry. Am J Geriatr Psych. 2019;27(4):446-54.
Knaus W, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Medi. 1985;13(10):818-29.
Kroenke K, Spitzer R, Williams J. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(9):606-13.
Kroenke K, Spitzer R. The PHQ-9: a new depression diagnostic and severity measure. Psychiatric Annals. 2002;32(9):509-21.
Seo J, Park S. Validation of the generalized anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and GAD-2 in patients with migraine. J Headache Pain. 2015;16(1):97.
Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Inter Medi. 2006;166(10):1092-7.
Bialek K, Sadowski M. Stress, anxiety, depression and basic hope in family members of patients hospitalised in intensive care units-preliminary report. Anaesthesiology Inten Ther. 2021;53(2):134-40.
Paul N, Albrecht V, Denke C, Spies CD, Krampe H, Weiss B. A decade of post-intensive care syndrome: a bibliometric network analysis. Medicina. 2022;58(2):170.
Pochard F, Azoulay E, Chevret S, Lemaire F, Hubert P, Canouï P, et al. Anxiety and depression in family members of ICU patients: ethical considerations regarding decision-making capacity. Crit Care. 2000;4(Suppl 1):233.
Brauchle M, Nydahl P, Pregartner G, Hoffmann M, Jeitziner MM. Practice of family-centred care in intensive care units before the COVID-19-pandemic: A cross-sectional analysis in German-speaking countries. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2022;68:103-39.
Cameron JI, Chu LM, Matte A, Tomlinson G, Chan L, Thomas C, et al. One-year outcomes in caregivers of critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(19):1831-41.
Olagundoye O, Alugo M. Caregiving and the Family. In: Caregiving and Home Care. Mollaoglu M. IntechOpen; 2018.
Vahia VN, Shah AB. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health care of older adults in India. Int Psychogeriatr. 2020;32(10):1125-7.
Makasare MP. Mental Health First Aid and Indian Family System: A Comparative Overview. Ann Roman Soci Cell Biol. 2021:7138-46.
Chadda RK, Deb KS. Indian family systems, collectivistic society and psychotherapy. Indian J Psych. 2013;55(Suppl 2):S299-S309.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
