Cracking of enigma of Evans: a rare association with Sjogren and systemic lupus erythematosus

Gyan Prakash Kumar; H. M. Faizul Bari; Piyush Ratan; Tanya Mishra; Ashutosh Kumar; P. N. Jha; Ashok Kumar

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240859

Authors

Gyan Prakash Kumar Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
H. M. Faizul Bari Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Piyush Ratan Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Tanya Mishra Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Ashutosh Kumar Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
P. N. Jha Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Ashok Kumar Department of Medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240859

Keywords:

ES, Hematology, Immunoglobulins, Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia

Abstract

Evans syndrome (ES) is characterized by the simultaneous or consecutive occurrence of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) along with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and less commonly, autoimmune neutropenia. It may manifest spontaneously or as a result of autoimmune, malignancy or lymphoproliferative disease. Clinical manifestations may be associated with hemolysis and thrombocytopenia, potentially leading to life-threatening outcomes. ES is a rare diagnosis of exclusion. Due to its infrequency, the treatment is typically empirical, relying largely on intravenous corticosteroids or immunoglobulins. We are presenting case of a 46-year-old- female with bleeding from the mouth and gums and rashes all over the body with no prior diagnosis of rheumatological disorder. This case is pivotal as it highlights a key factor contributing to ES and presents a pragmatic method for addressing the condition.

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