Efficiency of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel of 0.15% in treatment of acute adenoviral keratconojunctivities

Fareya Nadir; M. Robiul Islam; M. Saifullah; Mohammad Ashaduzzama; Abdullah Al Mamun; Niloy Kumar Basak

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241225

Authors

Fareya Nadir Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
M. Robiul Islam Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
M. Saifullah Department of Cornea, National Institute of Ophthalmology and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Mohammad Ashaduzzama Department of Hepatology, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Abdullah Al Mamun Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Niloy Kumar Basak National Institute of Ophthalmology and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241225

Keywords:

Adenoviral eye infection, Ganciclovir, Keratoconjunctivitis

Abstract

Background: Adenoviral eye infection is contagious, self-limiting, causing symptoms like burning, pain, photophobia, and tearing. Diagnosis is clinical; existing treatments lack consistency. Ganciclovir, a selective and less toxic antiviral, shows promise for inhibiting viral DNA synthesis. The primary objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of topical 0.15% Ganciclovir gel in treating adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, focusing on symptom and sign improvement during the follow-up period.

Methods: A study at the National Institute of Ophthalmology and Hospital included 40 adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis patients diagnosed by cornea specialists. Symptoms were scored on a 0-3 scale during a 6-week follow-up. Patients were randomly assigned to group 1 (0.15% ganciclovir) or group 2 (artificial tear control). Data included history and ophthalmic exams. Statistical analyses used SPSS version 13.0 with p<0.05 significance, employing unpaired t-tests and chi-square tests.

Results: A study with 40 adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis patients assessed Ganciclovir 0.15% ophthalmic gel efficacy. No age difference between groups was observed. Most patients were male (82.5%), spanning different economic classes. Symptom variations included more foreign body sensation in group 1 and increased watering in group 2. Group 1 exhibited faster symptom improvement over 6 weeks, while group 2 had a slower decline. Both groups experienced complications, but group 1 showed faster recovery, suggesting Ganciclovir's potential efficacy in treating adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis.

Conclusions: In summary, the study confirms the effectiveness of 0.15% Ganciclovir gel in treating acute adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, showing statistically significant and rapid improvement in signs and symptoms.

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