The impact of surgical closure of atrial septal defect on the pulmonary hypertension: a prospective observational study

M. Abul Bashar Maruf; Aslam Hossain; Farhat Tabassum Nishat; Kohinur Azad Liza; Anowarul Azim; Tania Nusrat Shanta; M. Ahaduzzaman; Manoj Tiwari; Vivek Kumar Jha; Mirza M. Nazmus Saquib

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241229

Authors

M. Abul Bashar Maruf Department of Cardiac Surgery, United Hospital Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Aslam Hossain Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Farhat Tabassum Nishat Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Surgery, West Middlesex University Hospital, Twickenham Rd, Isleworth TW7 6AF, United Kingdom
Kohinur Azad Liza Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brac Maternity Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Anowarul Azim Department of Cardiac Surgery, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Tania Nusrat Shanta Department of Cardiac Surgery, United Hospital Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
M. Ahaduzzaman Department of Cardio Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Evercare Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Manoj Tiwari Department of Thoracic surgery, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
Vivek Kumar Jha Department of CTVS, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal
Mirza M. Nazmus Saquib Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20241229

Keywords:

Pulmonary hypertension, ASD, Surgical closure

Abstract

Introduction: The most prevalent congenital disease is atrial septal defect. Atrial septal defects that have a left to right shunt result in persistent volume overload in the pulmonary vasculature. So histological changes occur in pulmonary vasculature leads to pulmonary hypertension. Without surgery, both life expectancy and functional ability are reduced. The aim of this study was to observe the impact of surgical closure of atrial septal defect on pulmonary hypertension.

Methods: This observational study was done in the department of cardiac surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022. Sample size was 24 Patients were evaluated preoperatively, postoperative day of operation through a clinically, ECG, color doppler echocardiography. The statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 26.0 for windows software.

Results: In my study, the mean age of the patients was 33.33±11.3 years, male female ratio was 1:2. The mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure got decreased from 57.54±7.9 mmHg to 53.29±8.30 mmHg on postoperative day. 75% patients improved into New York heart association class 2 on post operative day. Significant improvement was seen in functional capacity of the patients. 29.2% patients had atrial fibrilation preoperatively, after surgery on post-operative day it became 25%.

Conclusions: This study concludes that surgical closure of atrial septal defect leads to a significant reduction in pulmonary hypertension.

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