Evaluating public health awareness and hygienic interventions amidst the COVID-19 outbreak: insights from three districts in Himachal Pradesh, India

Gurinder Kaur Walia; Richa Sharma; Diksha Chopra

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20242222

Authors

Gurinder Kaur Walia Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India
Richa Sharma Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India
Diksha Chopra Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20242222

Keywords:

COVID-19, Himachal Pradesh, Pandemic, Transmission, Vaccination

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to elucidate the awareness, knowledge, and adoption of COVID-19 prevention measures, including the utilization of masks, hand sanitizers, social distancing, proper sanitation, and adherence to lockdown protocols, among residents of Hamirpur, Bilaspur, and Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India. With a particular focus on vaccination strategies, this research investigates the pivotal role of vaccination in curbing the spread of the pandemic and reducing the associated morbidity and mortality rates.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to May 2022, involving a structured questionnaire designed to assess environmental impacts, testing knowledge, public health behaviors, and vaccine perceptions. The survey sample included participants from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis to identify correlations between socio-educational factors and adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures.

Results: The findings indicate a moderate level of awareness and knowledge around 93.76% about COVID-19 prevention measures among the residents. However, significant gaps were identified, particularly in understanding the importance of vaccination and proper sanitation practices. The analysis revealed that socio-educational factors significantly influenced public attitudes and behaviors towards COVID-19 prevention. Notably, lower socio-economic groups exhibited lower adherence to recommended health behaviors.

Conclusions: The study underscores the critical need for targeted awareness campaigns to enhance public understanding of COVID-19 transmission, severity, and preventive measures. Educational initiatives should prioritize clear and accessible communication, especially for lower socio-economic groups, to mitigate the impact of the pandemic. Empowering communities with comprehensive knowledge is essential for effective public health management and reducing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.

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