Seropositivity of measles antibody- IgM in symptomatic pediatric patients with assessment of vaccination status in a tertiary care hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20242616Keywords:
Measles, Immunisation, IgMAbstract
Background: Measles is a febrile contagious viral illness caused by member virus of paramyxoviridae, commonly affecting paediatric population. It is a vaccine preventable disease. In spite of national immunisation programme in India, measles outbreaks are often encountered specially in pediatric population. This study aimed to assess the IgM seropositivity in acute cases of measles along with assessment of measles vaccination status.
Methods: This study was conducted in a department of microbiology of Government Medical College, Surat from March, 2022 to March, 2023 in which pediatric patients with febrile suspected of measles were included. Serum samples were received and recording of clinical history and vaccination profile were done. The samples were investigated for measles IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: Out of 90 pediatric febrile patients with suspected measles, 44 (49%) were found to be IgM measles positive. Among 44 IgM positive cases, 44% children were previously vaccinated and 45% children were not vaccinated. Information on vaccination status were not available for 11% children. Majority (43%) of IgM seropositive children were of age less than 2 years.
Conclusions: In spite of ongoing national immunisation programme throughout the country, vaccination coverage is still not satisfactory and even if vaccinated, significant number of children are still getting infected with measles. Hence, studies are needed to identify the lacunae of ongoing programme and find out possible causes of lower vaccination protection.
References
Bakir A, Kurkcu MF, Guney M, Yildiz F, Yavuz MT. Three-year prevalence of measles antibody seropositivity at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. J Clin Med Kazakhstan. 2021;18(1):23-7.
Kulkarni RD, Ajantha GS, Kiran AR, Pravinchandra KR. Global eradication of measles: Are we poised? Indian J Med Microbiol. 2017;35(1):10-6.
Berche P. History of measles. La Presse Médicale. 2022;51(3):104149.
World Health Organisation (WHO) Factsheet: Measles, 2024. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/measles. Accessed on 1 May 2024.
Adekola HA, Abdullahi IN, Emeribe AU, Faruku N, Uzairue L, Billyrose OM, et al. Sero-survey of measles virus antibodies among symptomatic children attending Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. GMS Hygiene Infect Control. 2021;16.
Portnoy A, Jit M, Helleringer S, Verguet S. Impact of measles supplementary immunization activities on reaching children missed by routine programs. Vaccine. 2018;36(1):170-8.
Gastañaduy PA, Goodson JL, Panagiotakopoulos L, Rota PA, Orenstein WA, Patel M. Measles in the 21st century: progress toward achieving and sustaining elimination. J Infect Dis. 2021;224(4):S420-8.
Dubé È, Ward JK, Verger P, MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy, acceptance, and anti-vaccination: trends and future prospects for public health. Ann Rev Public Health. 2021;42(1):175-91.
Patel MK, Antoni S, Nedelec Y, Sodha S, Menning L, Ogbuanu IU, et al. The changing global epidemiology of measles, 2013-2018. J Infect Dis. 2020;222(7):1117-28.
Vaidya SR, Kamble MB, Chowdhury DT, Kumbhar NS. Measles and rubella outbreaks in Maharashtra state, India. Indian J Med Res. 2016;143(2):227-31.
Perry RT, Halsey NA. The clinical significance of measles: a review. J Infect Dis. 2004;189(1):S4-16.
World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/india/news/feature-stories/detail/india-vaccinates-30-million-children-against-measles-and-rubella-in-7-months#:~:text=India%20has%20vaccinated%20over%20348,1.2%20cases%20per%20million%20population. Assessed on 12 March 2024.
Griffin DE, Lin WH, Nelson AN. Understanding the causes and consequences of measles virus persistence. F1000Research. 2018;7.
Bakir A, Kurkcu MF, Guney M, Yildiz F, Yavuz MT. Three-year prevalence of measles antibody seropositivity at a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. J Clin Med Kazakhstan. 2021;18(1):23-7.
Mishra A, Mishra S, Lahariya C, Jain P, Bhadoriya RS, Shrivastav D, et al. Practical observations from an epidemiological investigation of a measles outbreak in a district of India. Indian J Community Med. 2009;34(2):117-21.
Mathew JL, Riopelle D, Ratho RK, Bharti B, Singh MP, Suri V, et al. Measles seroprevalence in persons over one year of age in Chandigarh, India. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2022;18(6):2136453.
Ray SK, Mallik S, Munsi AK, Mitra SP, Baur B, Kumar S. Epidemiological study of measles in slum areas of Kolkata. Indian J Pediatr. 2004;71:583-6.
