Psychological determinants and its association with coronary artery disease: a prospective study

Nitinkumar Abdagire; Sandeep Patil; Dhaval Dalal; Harminder Singh; Soumya Ojha; Vijaykumar Gawali

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20244117

Authors

Nitinkumar Abdagire Department of Cardiology, Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India
Sandeep Patil Department of Cardiology, Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India
Dhaval Dalal Department of General Medicine Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India
Harminder Singh Department of General Medicine Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India
Soumya Ojha Department Medical Research, Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India
Vijaykumar Gawali Department Medical Research, Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20244117

Keywords:

Depression, Anxiety, Burnout, Coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Psychological diseases like depression, anxiety and burnout are major public health problems of concern, as it is affecting both general as well as cardiac health. Therefore, present study aims to screen the patients for psychological determinants and its association with coronary artery disease.

Methods: The study is prospective, questionnaire based, observational study conducted on 166 patients having coronary artery disease based on conventional coronary angiography. Out of 166 participants, 132 were in conventional risk factors Group (comorbid condition group), and 34 in non-conventional risk factors group (without any comorbid condition group). Patients were screened for depression, anxiety and burn out using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), generalised anxiety disorder (GAD-7), burnout self-test questionnaires respectively.

Results: The present study revealed majority of the participants had moderate anxiety, depression, and risk for burnout. Significant positive correlation was found between Syntax score and depression (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted for anxiety, depression, and burnout score between comorbid group having conventional risk factors (patients having diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia) and non-comorbid group with non-conventional risk factors (patients suffering from anxiety, depression and burnout without any comorbid conditions), suggesting major role of anxiety, depression, and burnout for the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions: Non-conventional risk factors add increased risk for the development of coronary artery disease; therefore, efforts should also be made to assess cardiac patients for psychological determinants and to improve patients psychological and social function.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). World Health Organization. Published 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds). Accessed on 17 March 2024.

World Health Organisation (WHO). World Heart Report 2023: Full Report. World Heart Federation. Published 2023. Available at: https://world-heart-federation.org/resource/world-heart-report-2023/. Accessed on 17 March 2024.

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD Compare. VizHub. Published 2019. Available at: https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/. Accessed on 20 March 2024.

Sreeniwas Kumar A, Sinha N. Cardiovascular disease in India: A 360 degree overview. Medical Journal, Armed Forces India. 2020;76(1):1-3.

Khawaja IS, Westermeyer JJ, Gajwani P, Feinstein RE. Depression and coronary artery disease: the association, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa: Township)). 2009;6(1):38-51.

Celano CM, Daunis DJ, Lokko HN, Campbell KA, Huffman JC. Anxiety Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease. Current Psychiatry Reports. 2016;18(11):1.

Toker S, Melamed S, Berliner S, Zeltser D, Shapira I. Burnout and risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective study of 8838 employees. Psychosomatic medicine. 2012;74(8):840-7.

Najafipour H, Banivaheb G, Sabahi A, Naderi N, Nasirian M, Mirzazadeh A. Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and their relationship with other coronary artery disease risk factors: A population-based study on 5900 residents in Southeast Iran. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;20:55-60.

Cerit L, Cerit Z, Duygu H. The non-negligible association between SYNTAX score and anxiety–depressive disorders. Cardiovascular journal of South Africa: official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners. 2023;34(1):32-36.

Fava M, Abraham M, Pava J, Shuster J, Rosenbaum J. Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Depression. Psychosomatics. 1996;37(1):31-37.

Holt RIG, Phillips DIW, Jameson KA, Cooper C, Dennison EM, Peveler RC. The relationship between depression, anxiety and cardiovascular disease: Findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2013;150(1):84-90.