Association of VEGF gene polymorphism with development and progression of diabetic retinopathy in India: a cross-sectional study

Kalpna Jain; Suman Chauhan; Dinesh Yadav; Mohammad Rizwan

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20250684

Authors

Kalpna Jain Department of Ophthalmology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0218-0941
Suman Chauhan Department of Ophthalmology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Dinesh Yadav Department of Ophthalmology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Mohammad Rizwan MDR Unit, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20250684

Keywords:

Diabetic retinopathy, Polymorphism, VEGF gene

Abstract

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism might be a useful predictive marker for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was done from December 2018 to December 2019. The study included 40 patients of DR and 20 healthy controls. A complete systemic and ocular examination was done including fundus examination, fundus photograph and OCT. The VEGF gene polymorphism of 936C/T, T(-1498)C, G(-1190)A, G(-1154)A and C(-634)G were studied. To study VEGF gene polymorphism the specific primer sequences were used in both forward and reverse directions. Genomic DNA was isolated from a blood sample using a genomic isolation kit and quantification of DNA was done at 260/280 nm on a spectrophotometer. PCR amplification was carried out on each primer.

Results: 936C/T, T(-1498)C, G(-1190)A, G(-1154)A and C(-634)G VEGF gene polymorphism were found in 24 (60%), 34 (85%), 08 (20%), 19 (47.5%) and 21 (52.5%) cases respectively. 936C/T and T(-1498)C gene polymorphism were found in 08 (40%) and 05 (25%) controls respectively. 936C/T and G(-1190)A VEGF gene polymorphism was not statistically significant (p=0.234) (p=0.081) in study groups. T(-1498)C, G(-1154)A and C(-634)G VEGF gene polymorphism were significantly associated with the case and control groups. T(-1498)C, G(-1190)A, G(-1154)A and C(-634)G VEGF gene polymorphism was significantly associated with mild NPDR, moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, PDR and control group (p<.05).

Conclusions: T(-1498)C, G(-1154)A and C(-634)G VEGF gene polymorphism was significantly associated with DR in the population of Western India. T(-1498)C and C(-634)G VEGF gene polymorphism was also associated with the severity of DR.

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