Smart skills for a smarter India: the role of simulation in education

Authors

  • Rukadikar Charushila Atul Department of Physiology, AIIMS Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Rukadikar Atul Rajaram Department of Microbiology, AIIMS Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20251015

Keywords:

Education, Medical, Practice, Skill, Simulation-based learning, Experiential training, Healthcare innovation

Abstract

The revised curriculum introduced by the national medical commission mandates comprehensive training in communication and procedural skills for medical students. This makes simulation-based education (SBE) an imminent necessity across disciplines. Simulation offers a computer-generated representation of real-world systems, providing learners with an opportunity for practice, feedback, reflection, and immersion without the risks inherent in real-life scenarios. Over the years, the scope of simulation in medical education has expanded significantly, ranging from basic task trainers for fundamental skills to high-fidelity human patient simulators. India has begun recognizing the critical role of SBE in enhancing core clinical skills and teamwork. However, its widespread implementation is fraught with challenges, including resource limitations and the need for trained educators. The dualistic outcomes of simulation-based education necessitate a structured evaluation of its viability and utility in the Indian healthcare education system. This review employs "skills acquisition theory" as a framework, emphasizing the development of clinical skills through deliberate practice.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Ross AJ, Kodate N, Anderson JE, Thomas L, Jaye P. Review of simulation studies in anaesthesia journals, 2001–2010: mapping and content analysis. British J Anaesth. 2012;109(1):99-109.

Bhagwat M. Simulation and anaesthesia. Indian J Anaesth. 2012;56(1):14.

Kundra P, Cherian A. Simulation based learning: Indian perspective. J of Anaesthesiol, Clin Pharmacol. 2014;30(4):457. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9185.142797

Bhandary SP, Lipps JA, Ramadan ME, Jenkins KD, Stroud JM, Papadimos TJ. Scenario development strategies and process for simulation-based education in anesthesiology. International J Acad Med. 2017;3(1):72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_42_17

Fanning RM, Gaba DM. The role of debriefing in simulation-based learning. Simulation in healthcare. 2007;2(2):115-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0b013e3180315539

Bhagwat M. Simulation and anaesthesia. Indian J Anaes. 2012;56(1):14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.93338

Krishnan DG, Keloth AV, Ubedulla S. Pros and cons of simulation in medical education: A review. Education. 2017;3(6):84-7.

Lateef F. Simulation-based learning: Just like the real thing. Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock. 2010;3(4):348.

Ross AJ, Kodate N, Anderson JE, Thomas L, Jaye P. Review of simulation studies in anaesthesia journals, 2001–2010: mapping and content analysis. British J Anaesth. 2012;109(1):99-109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aes184

Korayem GB, Alshaya OA, Kurdi SM, Alnajjar LI, Badr AF, Alfahed A, et al. Simulation-Based Education Implementation in Pharmacy Curriculum: A Review of the Current Status. Adv in Med Edu and Pract. 2022;5:649-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S366724

Nelissen E, Ersdal H, Mduma E, Evjen-Olsen B, Broerse J, van Roosmalen J, et al. Helping Mothers Survive Bleeding After Birth: retention of knowledge, skills, and confidence nine months after obstetric simulation-based training. BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2015;15:1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0612-2

Kutz JN, Brunton SL, Brunton BW, Proctor JL. Dynamic mode decomposition: data-driven modeling of complex systems. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics; 2016;23:549. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974508

Hernández-Robles MF, Álvarez-Contreras AK, Juárez-García P, Natividad-Bonifacio I, Curiel-Quesada E, Vázquez-Salinas C, Quiñones-Ramírez EI. Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in environmental strains of Vibrio alginolyticus. Int Microbiol. 2016;19(4):191-8.

Juan AA, Loch B, Daradoumis T, Ventura S. Games and simulation in higher education. International Jo Edu Technol in Higher Edu. 2017;14:1-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-017-0075-9

Gagne RM, Wager WW, Golas KC, Keller JM, Russell JD. Principles of instructional design. Perf Improv. 2005;4:44-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4140440211

Schild E. Simulation-based education involving online and on-campus models in different European universities. International J Edu Technol Higher Edu. 2020;17:1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-0181-y

Costantino F, Di Gravio G, Shaban A, Tronci M. A simulation-based game approach for teaching operations management topics. WSC. 2012;9:1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/WSC.2012.6465028

Martin D, McEvoy B. Business simulations: a balanced approach to tourism education. International J Contemp Hospital Mana. 2003;15(6):336-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110310488195

Pasin F, Giroux H. The impact of a simulation game on operations management education. Computers & Education. 2011;57(1):1240-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.12.006

Chapman GM, Martin JF. Computerized business games in engineering education. Computers & Education. 1995;25(1-2):67-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1315(95)00028-3

Deshpande AA, Huang SH. Simulation games in engineering education: A state‐of‐the‐art review. Computer Appl in Engin Educ. 2011;19(3):399-410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.20323

Riley GF. Using network simulation in classroom education. WSC. 2012;9:1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/WSC.2012.6465290

Avramenko A. Enhancing students' employability through business simulation. Education+Training. 2012;54(5):355-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211244669

Alnoukari M, Shafaamry M, Aytouni K, Damascus S. Simulation for computer sciences education. Communications of the ACS. 2013;6(1):1-9.

Tvrdoň L, Jurásková K. Teaching simulation in logistics by using witness and captivate software. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2015;174:4083-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1158

Ansquer R, Mesnier T, Farampour F, Oriot D, Ghazali DA. Long-term retention assessment after simulation-based-training of pediatric procedural skills among adult emergency physicians: a multicenter observational study. BMC Med Edu. 2019;19:1-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1793-6

Medical council of India, competency based undergraduate curriculum for the indian medical graduate. 2018. Available at: https://mciindia.org. Accessed on 21 November 2024.

Dhaliwal U, Supe A, Gupta P, Singh T. Producing competent doctors—The art and science of teaching clinical skills. Indian Pediatrics. 2017;54:403-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-017-1114-2

Remmen RO. Unsatisfactory basic skills performance by students in traditional medical curricula. Medical Teacher. 1998;20(6):579-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01421599880328

Boulay CD, Medway C. The clinical skills resource: a review of current practice. Medical Education. 1999;33(3):185-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00384.x

Bradley P, Postlethwaite K. Setting up a clinical skills learning facility. Medical Education. 2003;37:6-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.37.s1.11.x

Datta R, Upadhyay KK, Jaideep CN. Simulation and its role in medical education. Medical J Armed Forces India. 2012;68(2):167-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-1237(12)60040-9

Herrmann-Werner A, Nikendei C, Keifenheim K, Bosse HM, Lund F, Wagner R, et al. “Best practice” skills lab training vs a “see one, do one” approach in undergraduate medical education: an RCT on students’ long-term ability to perform procedural clinical skills. PloS one. 2013;8(9):76354. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076354

Wayne DB, Didwania A, Feinglass J, Fudala MJ, Barsuk JH, McGaghie WC. Simulation-based education improves quality of care during cardiac arrest team responses at an academic teaching hospital: a case-control study. Chest. 2008;133(1):56-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.07-0131

Lund F, Schultz JH, Maatouk I, Krautter M, Möltner A, Werner A, Weyrich P, Jünger J, Nikendei C. Effectiveness of IV cannulation skills laboratory training and its transfer into clinical practice: a randomized, controlled trial. PloS one. 2012;7(3):32831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032831

Peeraer G, Scherpbier AJ, Remmen R, Hendrickx K, Van Petegem P, Weyler J, Bossaert L. Clinical skills training in a skills lab compared with skills training in internships: comparison of skills development curricula. Education for Health. 2007;20(3):125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/1357-6283.101596

Lynagh M, Burton R, Sanson‐Fisher R. A systematic review of medical skills laboratory training: where to from here. Medical Edu. 2007;41(9):879-87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02821.x

Van Wissen K. Developing reflective practice through scenario-based learning. Developing Scenario-based Learning. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Dunmore Press. 2003: 40-49.

Issenberg SB, Scalese RJ. Simulation in health care education. Perspectives in Biol Med. 2008;51(1):31-46.

Errington E. Preparing graduates for the professions using scenario-based learning. Post Pressed; 2010:45.

Aitken P. Scenario based disaster health education:" war stories" as vicarious experience. Post Pressed.

Issenberg SB, Scalese RJ. Simulation in health care education. Perspectives in Biol Med. 2008;51(1):31-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2008.0004

Broussard L. Simulation‐based learning: how simulators help nurses improve clinical skills and preserve. Nursing for Women's Health. 2008;12(6):521-4.

Jackson NJ. Developing Creativity through Lifewide Education, University of Surrey, UK: Surrey Centre for Excellence in Professional Training. 2009;13:2011.

Satava RM. Accomplishments and challenges of surgical simulation: Dawning of the next-generation surgical education. Surgical Endos. 2001;15:232-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004640000369

Broussard L. Simulation‐based learning: how simulators help nurses improve clinical skills and preserve. Nursing for Women's Health. 2008;12(6):521-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-486X.2008.00386.x

Larew C, Lessans S, Spunt D, Foster D, Covington BG. Innovations in clinical simulation: Application of Benner's theory in an interactive patient care simulation. Nursing Edu Persp. 2006;27(1):16-21.

Woolliscroft JO, Calhoun JG, Tenhaken JD, Judge RD. Harvey: the impact of a cardiovascular teaching simulator on student skill acquisition. Medical. 1987;9(1):53-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/01421598709028980

DeVita MA, Schaefer J, Lutz J, Wang H, Dongilli T. Improving medical emergency team (MET) performance using a novel curriculum and a computerized human patient simulator. BMJ Quality & Safety. 2005;14(5):326-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2004.011148

Bohm PE, Arnold PM. Simulation and resident education in spinal neurosurgery. Surg Neurol Int. 2015;6:45-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.152146

Lateef F. Simulation-based learning: Just like the real thing. J of Emerg, Trauma and Shock. 2010;3(4):348. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.70743

Bradley P. The history of simulation in medical education and possible future directions. Medical education. 2006;40(3):254-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02394.x

Downloads

Published

2025-03-29

How to Cite

Charushila Atul, R., & Atul Rajaram, R. (2025). Smart skills for a smarter India: the role of simulation in education. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 13(4), 1769–1776. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20251015

Issue

Section

Review Articles