Epidemiological, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary profiles of infected diabetic foot hospitalized in the endocrinology department of Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital in Antananarivo, Madagascar

Rija Eric Raherison; Sitraka A. Raharinavalona; Thierry Razanamparany; Tantely G. L. Andriamitantsoa; Radonirina L. Andrianasolo; Andrianirina D. P. Rakotomalala

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20251288

Authors

Rija Eric Raherison Department of Endocrinology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital (JRBUH), Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar
Sitraka A. Raharinavalona Departments of Cardiovascular-Diseases and Internal Medicine, Soavinandriana Hospital Center (CENHOSOA), Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar
Thierry Razanamparany Department of Endocrinology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital (JRBUH), Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar
Tantely G. L. Andriamitantsoa Organisation Sanitaire Tananarivienne Inter Entreprises (OSTIE), Antananarivo Madagascar
Radonirina L. Andrianasolo Department of Endocrinology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital (JRBUH), Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar
Andrianirina D. P. Rakotomalala Department of Endocrinology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital (JRBUH), Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20251288

Keywords:

Amputation, Diabetic foot, Infection, Probabilistic, Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot infection is a serious risk of amputation and death. Our study aims to describe the epidemiological, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary profiles of patients hospitalized for infected diabetic foot.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Endocrinology department of the Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital, Antananarivo over a period of 4 years. The diagnosis of infected diabetic foot was made according to the criteria of the French-Speaking Society of Infectious Pathology. We included all patients who had undergone bacteriological examination with antibiogram of their diabetic foot lesion.

Results: Fifty patients were retained, giving a hospital prevalence of 2.84%. Their mean age was 55.50±9.63 years, the sex ratio was 0.72 and mean duration of their diabetes was 6.87±6.13 years. The majority of the lesions were post-traumatic (28%). The mean hospital length stay was 42.82±35.26 days. Infections were classified as stage 4 for 72% of the patients. The main isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (54.69%), of which 83% were sensitive to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid. Seventy percent of the patients were infected with multidrug-resistant bacteria. The amputation rate was 30% and the mortality rate was 2%.

Conclusions: Therapeutic education on podiatric care must be optimized. Multi-disciplinarity is essential for management. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid should be preferred as probabilistic antibiotic therapy for diabetic foot infection in our country where bacteriological examination is often lacking.

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