An experimental study on the effect of fatigue on agility and balance in male recreational football players

Authors

  • Royline Fathima Pinto Tejasvini Physiotherapy College, Kudupu, Mangalore, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6330-2595
  • Athul Krishna K. R. Tejasvini Physiotherapy College, Kudupu, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
  • Pooja U. Shetty Tejasvini Physiotherapy College, Kudupu, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
  • Riyas Basheer K. B. Tejasvini Physiotherapy College, Kudupu, Mangalore, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2842-154X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20251643

Keywords:

Agility, Balance, Sprint fatigue test, T Test, Y balance test

Abstract

Background: Fatigue stands as a key injury contributor in sports, affecting attributes to such agility and balance. Although elite and sub elite athletes have been studied, the research gap lies in investigating fatigue's impact on agility and balance in recreational football players, which this study aims to address. The study aims to find out the effect of fatigue on these components in young men aged between 18-25 years.

Methods: A total of 40 male students aged 18-25 years volunteered to participate as subjects based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The descriptive data age, weight and height were collected from each participant. Agility was assessed using T-test and balance was assessed using Y balance test. After taking their agility and balance scores, fatigue was induced in the participants via sprint fatigue tests. Pre- and post-values were collected for statistical analysis in order to assess the difference between agility and balance

Results: The average agility T-test score before inducing fatigue was 12.34 sec 93.42 and 92.47 for Y balance test in right and left respectively and 13.82sec 89.54 and 90.37 after inducing fatigue. The mean fatigue score among the test individuals was 93.32±5.66%.

Conclusions: The study concludes that with increase in fatigue persons agility and balance declines, which could lead to injuries. With this study we are reviewing that the negative effect of fatigue in male recreational players is similar to that in elite and sub elite population.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Wang P, Shi C, Chen J, Gao X, Wang Z, Fan Y, et al. Training methods and evaluation of basketball players’ agility quality: A systematic review. Heliyon. 2020;15(1):10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24296

Abidin D, Muhamad M, Haqiyah A, Gusriadi AR. Agility and balance on the speed of dribbling in soccer. In: Proceedings of the 1st South Borneo International Conference on Sport Science and Education. 2019;27:208-10.

Morral-Yepes M, Moras G, Bishop C, Gonzalo-Skok O. Assessing the reliability and validity of agility testing in team sports: a systematic review. J Str Cond Res. 2022;36(7):2035-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003753

Paul DJ, Gabbett TJ, Nassis GP. Agility in team sports: Testing, training and factors affecting performance. Sports Med. 2016;46:421-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0428-2

Bogalho D, Gomes R, Mendes R, Dias G, Castro MA. Impact of flexibility on vertical jump, balance and speed in amateur football players. Applied Sciences. 2022;27;12(11):5425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115425

Andrzejewski M, Chmura J, Pluta B, Konarski J.M. Sprinting activities and distance covered by top level Europa league soccer players. Int J Sports Sci Coach. 2015;(10):39–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.10.1.39

Kartal A. The relationships between dynamic balance and sprint, flexibility, strength, jump in junior soccer players. Pedagogy Phys Cult Sports. 2020;24:285–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2020.0602

López-Valenciano A, Ayala F, De Ste Croix M, Barbado D, Vera-Garcia FJ. Different neuromuscular parameters influence dynamic balance in male and female football players. Knee Surg, Sports Traumatol, Arthrosc. 2019;14(27):962-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-5088-y

Cortes N, Quammen D, Lucci S, Greska E, Onate J. A functional agility short-term fatigue protocol changes lower extremity mechanics. J Sport Sci. 2012;30(8):797-805. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.671528

Cruz-Diaz D, Lomas-Vega R, Osuna-Pérez MC, Contreras FH, Martínez-Amat A. Effects of 6 weeks of balance training on chronic ankle instability in athletes: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Sport Med. 2015;36(9):754-60.

Shcherbak T, Lukashov O, Koval I, Kruglov K, Minin M, Nosov P, et al. Compensatory phase of fatigue among football players in the organization of motivational structure. J Phys Edu Sport. 2024;1;24(11):67.

Jakobsson SK, Amasay T, Mier CM, Tamulevicius N. Influence of fatigue on change of direction performance in soccer players. International J Ex Sci. 2020;13(1):656.

Sekulic D, Spasic M, Mirkov D, Cavar M, Sattler T. Gender-specific influences of balance, speed and power on agility performance. J Stren Cond Res. 2013;27(3):802-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825c2cb0

Ruscello B, Tozzo N, Briotti G, Padua E, Ponzetti F, D’Ottavio S. Influence of the number of trials and the exercise to rest ratio in repeated sprint ability, with changes of direction and orientation. J Str Cond Res. 2013;27(7):1904-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182736adf

Jovanovic M, Sporis G, Omrcen D, Fiorentini F. Effects of speed, agility, quickness training method on power performance in elite soccer players. J Str Cond Res. 2011;25(5):1285-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d67c65

Walker KE. The Effects of Fatigue on the Reactive Agility Test: Looking at the Difference Between Normal Game Play and the Hurry-Up Offense in Football Game Simulations. The University of Western Ontario (Canada). 2015.

Vitale J A, Povìa V, Vitale N D, Bassani T, Lombardi G, Giacomelli L, et al. The effect of two different speed endurance training protocols on a multiple shuttle run performance in young elite male soccer players. Res Sports Med. 2018;26(4):436-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2018.1492402

Pfirrmann D, Herbst M, Ingelfinger P, Simon P, Tug S. Analysis of injury incidences in male professional adult and elite youth soccer players: a systematic review. J Athletic Train. 2016;51(5):410-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.6.03

Hrysomallis C. Balance ability and athletic performance. Sports medicine. 2011; 41:221-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/11538560-000000000-00000

Jakobsson SK, Amasay T, Mier CM, Tamulevicius N. Influence of fatigue on change of direction performance in soccer players. International J Exercise Sci. 2020;1;13(1):656. DOI: https://doi.org/10.70252/ELWI5490

Vázquez Paul, Hristovski R and Balagué N. The Path to Exhaustion: Time-Variability Properties of Coordinative Variables during Continuous Exercise. Front Physiol. 2016;7:37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00037

Morral-Yepes M, Gonzalo-Skok O, Dos ´Santos T, Moras Feliu G. Are change of direction speed and agility different abilities from time and coordinative perspectives. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(12):295405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295405

Cruz-Díaz David. Effects of 6 Weeks of Balance Training on Chronic Ankle Instability in Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Sports Med. 2015;36(09):754-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1398645

Wang C, Trongnetrpunya A, Samuel IB, Ding M, Kluger BM. Compensatory Neural Activity in Response to Cognitive Fatigue. J Neurosci. 2016;36(14):3919-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3652-15.2016

Bestwick-Stevenson T, Toone R, Neupert E, Edwards K, Kluzek S. Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review. Int J Sports Med. 2022;43(14):1151-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1834-7177

Nedelec M, Mccall A, Carling C, Legall F, Berthoin S. Recovery in soccer part i – post-match fatigue and time course of recovery. Sports Med. 2012;5:1-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-012-0002-0

Gomez JP, Adsuar JC, Alcaraz PE, Vivas JC. Physical exercise for preventing injuries among adult male football players: a systematic review. J Sport Health Sci. 2022;11(1):115-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.11.003

Alexander J, Rhodes D. The Effect of Proprioceptive Training on Directional Dynamic Stabilization. J Sport Rehab. 2020; 30(2):248-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2019-0346

Liu C, Peng W, Qu W, Zhang Z, Sun J, He J, et al. Gender differences in the impact of fatigue on lower limb landing biomechanics and their association with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2025;20(5):321925. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321925

Downloads

Published

2025-05-30

How to Cite

Pinto, R. F., K. R., A. K., Shetty, P. U., & K. B., R. B. (2025). An experimental study on the effect of fatigue on agility and balance in male recreational football players. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 13(6), 2504–2509. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20251643

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles