Cytomorphological spectrum and tissue reaction patterns in parasitic infections
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20253606Keywords:
FNAC, Cytology , Parasitic infections, Cysticercosis, Echinococcus, Filariasis, LeishmaniasisAbstract
Background: Parasitic infections are prevalent in endemic regions and often present as subcutaneous swellings. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) provides a rapid and minimally invasive diagnostic option. Objective was to evaluate the cytomorphological features and tissue reaction patterns in parasitic lesions diagnosed by FNAC.
Methods: An ambispective study of 40 FNAC-confirmed parasitic infection cases conducted over two years. Cytological smears stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa were evaluated for parasitic elements and background response.
Results: Among 40 cases, cysticercosis (n=30) was most common, followed by hydatid cyst (n=6), filariasis (n=3), and leishmaniasis (n=1). Cysticercosis cases showed bladder wall fragments (83.3%), calcareous spherules (16.7%), and suppurative inflammation (76.7%). Hydatid cysts revealed scolices/hooklets and lamellated membranes; filariasis showed microfilariae and embryonated eggs with inflammatory backgrounds. Leishmaniasis demonstrated amastigotes in a subacute inflammatory background.
Conclusions: FNAC remains a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying parasitic lesions based on cytological hallmarks and associated tissue responses.
Metrics
References
Kung IT, Lee D, Yu HC. Soft tissue cysticercosis: diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration. Am J Clin Pathol. 1989;92(6):834-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/92.6.834
Singh BB, Sharma R, Sharma JK, Gill JPS. Parasitic zoonoses in India: an overview. Rev Sci Tech. 2010;29(3):629-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.29.3.2007
Manoharan A, Sowmya S. Parasitic infections and their tissue response: a histopathological study. Int J Res Med Sci. 2016;4:1938-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161737
Del Brutto OH. Taenia (including cysticercosis) and hydatid disease. Medicine. 2005;33(8):70-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1383/medc.2005.33.8.70
Handa U, Garg S, Mohan H. Cytological diagnosis of cysticercosis. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008;36(3):183-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dc.20792
Kala P, Khare P. FNAC as a diagnostic modality for cysticercosis: a study of 137 cases. J Cytol. 2014;31(2):68-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9371.138665
Pamu PK, Vangala N, Sabbavarapu P, Tandon A. Utility of cytology in the diagnosis of parasitic infestation: a retrospective study. Trop Parasitol. 2019;9(2):93-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/tp.TP_3_19
Mathison BA, Bradley BT. Review of the clinical presentation, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of leishmaniasis. Lab Med. 2023;54(4):363-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/lmac134
Pal S, Singh N, Chowdhury N, Sharma M, Suri V, Dey P. Cysticercosis: reiterating the role of cytodiagnosis. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017;45(1):1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dc.23801
Gupta D, Gupta P, Jain S, Rahar S. Cytological diagnosis of microfilariae in clinically unsuspected cases: a retrospective review. Cytopathology. 2021;32(6):807-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cyt.13035
Saenz-Santamaria J, Moreno-Casado J. Cytological diagnosis of hydatid disease. Acta Cytol. 1993;37(4):629-34.
Kapatia G, Tom JP. Cytomorphological spectrum of hydatid disease: a study of 45 cases. Cytopathology. 2020;31(3):220-25.
Ascoli V, Teggi A. Cytological findings in hydatid disease: report of two cases. Diagn Cytopathol. 1991;7(2):200-3.
Mitra S, Dey P. Cytological diagnosis of microfilaria: a review of 50 cases. Trop Parasitol. 2012;2(1):30-3.
Andola SK, Naik AA. Cytological diagnosis of filariasis: a study of 36 cases. Diagn Cytopathol. 2013;41(10):877-80.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
