Study of different aspects of polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome in females of reproductive age group

Vanita Bansal; Palak Meena; Kunal Bansal; Sukhraj Kaur

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20263507

Authors

Vanita Bansal Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Palak Meena Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Kunal Bansal Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Sukhraj Kaur Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20263507

Keywords:

Obesity, BMI, Oligomenorrhea, Amenorrhea, Androgens, Hirsutism, Prolactin, Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian Syndrome, Luteinizing Hormone, Follicular Stimulating Hormone

Abstract

Background: PMOS is most common hormonal disorder in females of reproductive age group. In PMOS many pearl sized cysts are formed in the ovaries. These cysts contain immature eggs. High LH, low FSH, high Testosterone in PMOS causes changes in physical appearance, irregularity in menstrual cycle and if not treated in time, leads to diabetes and strokes, obesity, mood disorder, endometrial cancer and sleep apnoea. The aim of the present study was to find out the clinical features, biochemical and hormonal profile of patients with PMOS.

Method: An observational, comparative study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Amritsar after taking approval from institutional ethical committee. The study group included 25 patients clinically diagnosed as patients of polycystic ovary disease, between age group 14-35 years. 25 age and sex matched healthy volunteers were included as control. Result: Levels of LH, Prolactin, Testosterone were increased significantly in PMOS patients whereas changes in TSH were not significant. The FSH was significantly lower in the study group. Levels of Insulin and C-peptide were raised in PCOS patients.

Conclusion: From present study it is observed that PMOS patients are usually overweight, have menstrual irregularities, difficulty in conception, have oily skin, acne, hirsutism, hyperandrogenaemia, insulin resistant and have altered LH to FSH ratio, patients also have sleep disturbances, mood swings. The present study concludes that PMOS not only affect the physical quality of life, but it also affects mental and social life.

References

Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Escobar-Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. Criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: an androgen excess society guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(11):4237-45.

Adams JM, Taylor AE, Crowley WF Jr, Hall JE. Polycystic ovarian morphology with regular ovulatory cycles: insights into the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(9):4343-50.

Ajmal N, Khan SZ, Shaikh R. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and genetic predisposition: a review article. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2019;3:100060.

Lucidi RS. Polycystic ovarian syndrome. Medscape. 2011 Available at: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/256806-overview. Accessed on 19 June 2026.

Hart R, Hickey M, Franks S. Definitions, prevalence and symptoms of polycystic ovaries and polycystic ovary syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;18(5):671-83.

Abdel Gadir A, Khatim MS, Mowafi RS, Alnaser HM, Muharib NS, Shaw RW. Implications of ultrasonically diagnosed polycystic ovaries. I. Correlations with basal hormonal profiles. Hum Reprod. 1992;7(4):453-7.

Trinder P. Determination of blood glucose using an oxidase-peroxidase system with a non-carcinogenic chromogen. J Clin Pathol. 1969;22(2):158-61.

Beastall GH, Ferguson KM, O'Reilly DS, Seth J, Sheridan B. Assays for follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone: guidelines for the provision of a clinical biochemistry service. Ann Clin Biochem. 1987;24(3):246-62.

Demers LM, Vance ML. Pituitary function. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, Bruns DE, editors. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2006. p. 1976-81.

White GH. Recent advances in routine thyroid function testing. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1987;24(4):315-62.

Alvergne A, Faurie C, Raymond M. Variation in testosterone levels and male reproductive effort: insight from a polygynous human population. Horm Behav. 2009;56(5):491-7.

Sacks DB. Carbohydrates. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1994.

Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412-9.

Venturoli S, Porcu E, Fabbri R, Magrini O, Gammi L, Paradisi R, et al. Postmenarcheal evolution of endocrine pattern and ovarian aspects in adolescents with menstrual irregularities. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1988;28(1):93-107.

Holte J, Gennarelli G, Berne C, Bergh T, Lithell H. The independent effects of polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity on serum concentrations of gonadotrophins and sex steroids in premenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1994;41(4):473-81.

Solorzano CM, McCartney CR, Blank SK, Knudsen KL, Marshall JC. Hyperandrogenaemia in adolescent girls: origins of abnormal GnRH secretion. BJOG. 2010;117(2):143-9.

Kamrul-Hasan ABM, Aalpona FTZ, Selim S. Clinical, metabolic and hormonal profiles of Bangladeshi adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome. touchREV Endocrinol. 2021;17(1):54-8.

Diamanti-Kandarakis, Evanthia, and Athanasios G Papavassiliou. “Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome.” Trends in molecular medicine vol. 12,7 (2006): 324-32.

Villavicencio A, Goyeneche A, Telleria CM, Bacallao K, Gabler F, Fuentes-García A. Involvement of Akt, Ras and cell cycle regulators in the potential development of endometrial hyperplasia in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;115(1):102-7.

Armanini D, Boscaro M, Bordin L, Sabbadin C. Controversies in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PCOS: focus on insulin resistance, inflammation, and hyperandrogenism. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(8):4110.

Zehravi M, Maqbool M, Ara I. Polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility: an update. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2021;34(2):1-9.

Hoeger KM. Exercise therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome. Semin Reprod Med. 2008;26(1):93-100.

Giallauria F, Palomba S, Vigorito C, Tafuri MG, Colao A, Lombardi G, Orio F. Androgens in polycystic ovary syndrome: the role of exercise and diet. Semin Reprod Med. 2009;27(4):306-15.