Biomaterials in prosthodontics: current trends and future directions

Authors

  • Rohit Raghavan Department of Prosthodontics, Royal Dental College, Palakkad, Kerala, India
  • Shajahan P. A. Department of Prosthodontics, Royal Dental College, Palakkad, Kerala, India
  • Shaman Shalu S. B. Department of Prosthodontics, Royal Dental College, Palakkad, Kerala, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20263147

Keywords:

Prosthodontics, Biomaterials, Dental implants, CAD/CAM, Nanotechnology, Bioactive materials

Abstract

  1. Alqutaibi AY, Baik A, Almuzaini SA, Farghal AE, Alnazzawi AA, Borzangy S, et al. Polymeric denture base materials: a review. Polymers (Basel). 2023;15(15):3258.
  2. Pjetursson BE, Sailer I, Makarov NA, Zwahlen M, Thoma DS. All-ceramic or metal-ceramic tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)? A systematic review of the survival and complication rates. Part II: multiple-unit FDPs. Dent Mater. 2015;31(6):624-39.
  3. Osman RB, Swain MV. A critical review of dental implant materials with an emphasis on titanium versus zirconia. Materials (Basel). 2015;8(3):932-58.
  4. Rezaie F, Farshbaf M, Dahri M, Masjedi M, Maleki R, Amini F, et al. 3D printing of dental prostheses: current and emerging applications. J Compos Sci. 2023;7(2):80.
  5. Alghazzawi TF. Advancements in CAD/CAM technology: options for practical implementation. J Prosthodont Res. 2016;60(2):72-84.
  6. Javaid M, Haleem A. Current status and applications of additive manufacturing in dentistry: a literature-based review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2019;9(3):179-85.
  7. Vallittu PK, Boccaccini AR, Hupa L, Watts DC. Bioactive dental materials—do they exist and what does bioactivity mean? Dent Mater. 2018;34(5):693-4.
  8. Sun J, Jiang J, Huang Z, Ma X, Shen T, Pan J, et al. Smart biomaterials in restorative dentistry: recent advances and future perspectives. Mater Today Bio. 2025;35:102349.
  9. Revilla-León M, Özcan M. Additive manufacturing technologies used for processing polymers: current status and potential application in prosthetic dentistry. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(2):146-58.
  10. Najeeb S, Zafar MS, Khurshid Z, Siddiqui F. Applications of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in oral implantology and prosthodontics. J Prosthodont Res. 2016;60(1):12-9.
  11. Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Oral implant surfaces: part 2—review focusing on clinical knowledge of different surfaces. Int J Prosthodont. 2004;17(5):544-64.
  12. Tappa K, Jammalamadaka U. Novel biomaterials used in medical 3D printing techniques. J Funct Biomater. 2018;9(1):17.
  13. Liu Y, Fang M, Zhao R, Liu H, Li K, Tian M, et al. Clinical applications of polyetheretherketone in removable dental prostheses: accuracy, characteristics, and performance. Polymers (Basel). 2022;14(21):4615.
  14. Chander NG, Gopi A. Trends and future perspectives of 3D printing in prosthodontics. Med J Armed Forces India. 2024;80(4):399-403.
  15. Hench LL, Jones JR. Bioactive glasses: frontiers and challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2015;3:194.
  16. Albrektsson T, Brånemark PI, Hansson HA, Lindström J. Osseointegrated titanium implants: requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man. Acta Orthop Scand. 1981;52(2):155-70.
  17. Goodacre CJ, Bernal G, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JYK. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90(2):121-32.
  18. Padhye NM, Calciolari E, Zuercher AN, Tagliaferri S, Donos N. Survival and success of zirconia compared with titanium implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(11):6279-90.
  19. Souza JGS, Nagay BE, Martins R, Bertolini M, Shibli JA, Aparicio C, et al. Engineered surface strategies to manage dental implant-related infections. Periodontol 2000. 2025;00:1-56.
  20. Rokaya D, Al Jaghsi A, Jagtap R, Srimaneepong V. Artificial intelligence in dentistry and dental biomaterials. Front Dent Med. 2024;5:1525505.
  21. Najeeb M, Islam S. Artificial intelligence (AI) in restorative dentistry: current trends and future prospects. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25:592.
  22. Sethumadhavan J, Siddiqui MF, Gholap P, Jadhav SM, Kadam NV, More S. Smart biomaterials shaping the future of dentistry: a comprehensive review. Cureus. 2026;18(1):e101904.

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References

Alqutaibi AY, Baik A, Almuzaini SA, Farghal AE, Alnazzawi AA, Borzangy S, et al. Polymeric denture base materials: a review. Polymers (Basel). 2023;15(15):3258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15153258

Pjetursson BE, Sailer I, Makarov NA, Zwahlen M, Thoma DS. All-ceramic or metal-ceramic tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)? A systematic review of the survival and complication rates. Part II: multiple-unit FDPs. Dent Mater. 2015;31(6):624-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2015.02.013

Osman RB, Swain MV. A critical review of dental implant materials with an emphasis on titanium versus zirconia. Materials (Basel). 2015;8(3):932-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8030932

Rezaie F, Farshbaf M, Dahri M, Masjedi M, Maleki R, Amini F, et al. 3D printing of dental prostheses: current and emerging applications. J Compos Sci. 2023;7(2):80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7020080

Alghazzawi TF. Advancements in CAD/CAM technology: options for practical implementation. J Prosthodont Res. 2016;60(2):72-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2016.01.003

Javaid M, Haleem A. Current status and applications of additive manufacturing in dentistry: a literature-based review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2019;9(3):179-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2019.04.004

Vallittu PK, Boccaccini AR, Hupa L, Watts DC. Bioactive dental materials—do they exist and what does bioactivity mean? Dent Mater. 2018;34(5):693-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2018.03.001

Sun J, Jiang J, Huang Z, Ma X, Shen T, Pan J, et al. Smart biomaterials in restorative dentistry: recent advances and future perspectives. Mater Today Bio. 2025;35:102349. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102349

Revilla-León M, Özcan M. Additive manufacturing technologies used for processing polymers: current status and potential application in prosthetic dentistry. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(2):146-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.12801

Najeeb S, Zafar MS, Khurshid Z, Siddiqui F. Applications of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in oral implantology and prosthodontics. J Prosthodont Res. 2016;60(1):12-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2015.10.001

Albrektsson T, Wennerberg A. Oral implant surfaces: part 2—review focusing on clinical knowledge of different surfaces. Int J Prosthodont. 2004;17(5):544-64.

Tappa K, Jammalamadaka U. Novel biomaterials used in medical 3D printing techniques. J Funct Biomater. 2018;9(1):17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb9010017

Liu Y, Fang M, Zhao R, Liu H, Li K, Tian M, et al. Clinical applications of polyetheretherketone in removable dental prostheses: accuracy, characteristics, and performance. Polymers (Basel). 2022;14(21):4615. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14214615

Chander NG, Gopi A. Trends and future perspectives of 3D printing in prosthodontics. Med J Armed Forces India. 2024;80(4):399-403. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2024.05.003

Hench LL, Jones JR. Bioactive glasses: frontiers and challenges. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2015;3:194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2015.00194

Albrektsson T, Brånemark PI, Hansson HA, Lindström J. Osseointegrated titanium implants: requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man. Acta Orthop Scand. 1981;52(2):155-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/17453678108991776

Goodacre CJ, Bernal G, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JYK. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90(2):121-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(03)00212-9

Padhye NM, Calciolari E, Zuercher AN, Tagliaferri S, Donos N. Survival and success of zirconia compared with titanium implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(11):6279-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05242-5

Souza JGS, Nagay BE, Martins R, Bertolini M, Shibli JA, Aparicio C, et al. Engineered surface strategies to manage dental implant-related infections. Periodontol 2000. 2025;00:1-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12637

Rokaya D, Al Jaghsi A, Jagtap R, Srimaneepong V. Artificial intelligence in dentistry and dental biomaterials. Front Dent Med. 2024;5:1525505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2024.1525505

Najeeb M, Islam S. Artificial intelligence (AI) in restorative dentistry: current trends and future prospects. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25:592. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05989-1

Sethumadhavan J, Siddiqui MF, Gholap P, Jadhav SM, Kadam NV, More S. Smart biomaterials shaping the future of dentistry: a comprehensive review. Cureus. 2026;18(1):e101904. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.101904

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Published

2026-08-29

How to Cite

Raghavan, R., P. A., S., & S. B., S. S. (2026). Biomaterials in prosthodontics: current trends and future directions. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 14(9), 4183–4191. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20263147

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 9 (2026): September 2026

Section

Review Articles
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