The future of radiology education and training: a vision for future training models

Authors

  • Hiba Khan Paramedical College,Faculty of Medicine- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
  • Shahin Anjum Paramedical College,Faculty of Medicine- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
  • M. Arfat Medical Radiology and Imaging Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Paramedical College, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20263576

Keywords:

Radiology education, Competency-based training, Artificial intelligence, Simulation and VR/AR, Future skill development

Abstract

This article discusses the history and future direction of radiology education and training. Beginning with the historical progression from Röntgen’s discovery to the digital era, it highlights the limitations of traditional apprenticeship models and the need for competency-based learning. Education today focuses on the incorporation of simulation, AI, VR/AR, and teleradiology, revolutionising how radiologists learn technical as well as decision-making skills. Some of the key issues are workforce shortages, differences in training, burnout and lagging adoption of innovations. The paper also explores evolving skill needs data analysis, communication, ethics, and collaboration as essential competencies for contemporary radiologists. It proposes a personalised and technology-driven curriculum supported by global collaboration, continuous faculty development, and standardised accreditation. In conclusion, the research provides that the future of radiology education is in integrating technological innovation with human-centred care, developing flexible, reflective professionals who can excel in an AI-integrated healthcare setting.

References

Frija G, Blažić I, Frush DP, Hierath M, Kawooya M, Donoso-Bach L, et al. How to improve access to medical imaging in low- and middle-income countries? EClinicalMedicine. 2021;38:101034.

Chandramohan A, Krothapalli V, Augustin A, Kandagaddala M, Thomas HM, Sudarsanam TD, et al. Teleradiology and technology innovations in radiology: status in India and its role in increasing access to primary health care. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2023;23:100195.

Knechtges PM, Carlos RC. The evolving role of the radiologist within the health care system. J Am Coll Radiol. 2007;4(9):626-35.

Seifert LB, Schnurr B, Stefanescu MC, Sader R, Ruesseler M, Sterz J. Comparing video-based versions of Halsted's 'see one, do one' and Peyton's '4-step approach' for teaching surgical skills: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med Educ. 2020;20:194.

Kronner N, Strebl M, Lenk J, Gebauer B, Schweizerhof O, Frisch A, et al. Simulator training for enhanced interventional radiology education. Sci Rep. 2025;15:10861.

Tubiana M. [Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen and the discovery of X-rays]. Bull Acad Natl Med. 1996;180(1):97-108.

Naik SS, Hanbidge A, Wilson SR. Radiology reports: examining radiologist and clinician preferences regarding style and content. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;176(3):591-8.

Brady AP. Radiology reporting—from Hemingway to HAL? Insights Imaging. 2018;9(2):237-46.

Chen JY, Heller MT. How competitive is the match for radiology residency? Present view and historical perspective. J Am Coll Radiol. 2014;11(5):501-6.

Wong K, Gallant F, Szumacher E. Perceptions of Canadian radiation oncologists, radiation physicists, radiation therapists and radiation trainees about the impact of artificial intelligence in radiation oncology: national survey. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2021;52(1):44-8.

Davies P, Slack K, Howard C. Variation in the length of an undergraduate degree: participation and outcomes. Stud High Educ. 2012;37(4):431-47.

Chamala S, Keefer MS, McGuire T, Diaz L, Luberti AA, Lehmann CU, et al. Achieving ACGME Clinical Informatics Fellowship Accreditation: a chronicle of our institution's journey. Appl Clin Inform. 2025;16(4):1171-83.

13. Medford ARL. Post-Certificate of Completion of Training fellowships. Clin Med (Lond). 2009;9(5):441-3.

Hurreiz H. The evolution of surgical training in the UK. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2019;10:163-8.

Thornhill-Miller B, Camarda A, Mercier M, Burkhardt JM, Morisseau T, Bourgeois-Bougrine S, et al. Creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration: assessment, certification, and promotion of 21st century skills for the future of work and education. J Intell. 2023;11(3):54.

Haleem A, Javaid M, Qadri MA, Suman R. Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: a review. Sustain Oper Comput. 2022;3:275-85.

Siewert B, Bruno MA, Bourland JD, Slanetz PJ, Guillerman P, Schwartz ES, et al. Seven challenges in radiology practice: from declining reimbursement to inadequate labor force: summary of the 2023 ACR Intersociety Meeting. J Am Coll Radiol. 2025;22(1):129-38.

Aggarwal A, Lazarow F, Anzai Y, Elsayed M, Ghobadi C, Al Dandan O, et al. Maximizing value while volumes are increasing. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2021;50(4):451-3.

Wu CQ, Sun Q, Liu P, Ni J, Gu J. Work stress and burnout among radiology nurses: a cross-sectional study on the mediating role of effort-reward imbalance. Front Public Health. 2025;13:1644328.

Morris ZS, Wooding S, Grant J. The answer is 17 years, what is the question? Understanding time lags in translational research. J R Soc Med. 2011;104(12):510-20.

“Role of radiology in a multidisciplinary approach to patient care”: summary of the ESR International Forum 2022. Insights Imaging. 2023;14:26.

Sorace J, Aberle DR, Elimam D, Lawvere S, Tawfik O, Wallace WD. Integrating pathology and radiology disciplines: an emerging opportunity? BMC Med. 2012;10:100.

Gorospe-Sarasúa L, Muñoz-Olmedo JM, Sendra-Portero F, de Luis-García R. Challenges of radiology education in the era of artificial intelligence. Radiol Engl Ed. 2022;64(1):54-9.

Serhan LA, Tahir MJ, Irshaidat S, Serhan HA, Ullah I, Mumtaz H, et al. The integration of radiology curriculum in undergraduate medical education. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022;80:104270.

Gunderman RB, Williamson KB, Fraley RE, Steele JL. The role of technology in radiology education. Acad Radiol. 2004;11(4):476-9.

Najjar R. Redefining radiology: a review of artificial intelligence integration in medical imaging. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(17):2760.

Pinto-Coelho L. How artificial intelligence is shaping medical imaging technology: a survey of innovations and applications. Bioengineering (Basel). 2023;10(12):1435.

Elendu C, Amaechi DC, Okatta AU, Amaechi EC, Elendu TC, Ezeh CP, et al. The impact of simulation-based training in medical education: a review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024;103(27):e38813.

Banerjee S, Pham T, Eastaway A, Auffermann WF, Quigley EP 3rd. The use of virtual reality in teaching three-dimensional anatomy and pathology on CT. J Digit Imaging. 2023;36(3):1279-84.

Bashshur RL, Krupinski EA, Thrall JH, Bashshur N. The empirical foundations of teleradiology and related applications: a review of the evidence. Telemed J E Health. 2016;22(11):868-98.

Biswas SS, Biswas S, Awal SS, Goyal H. Current status of radiology education online: a comprehensive update. SN Compr Clin Med. 2022;4:182.

Muñoz-Núñez CF. Online training in radiology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Radiol Engl Ed. 2022;64(5):433-44.

Wang S, Summers RM. Machine learning and radiology. Med Image Anal. 2012;16(5):933-51.

Hosny A, Parmar C, Quackenbush J, Schwartz LH, Aerts HJWL. Artificial intelligence in radiology. Nat Rev Cancer. 2018;18(8):500-10.

Hegan T. The importance of effective communication in preventing litigation. Med J Malaysia. 2003;58 Suppl A:78-82.

Aggarwal R, Mytton OT, Derbew M, Hananel D, Heydenburg M, Issenberg B, et al. Training and simulation for patient safety. Qual Saf Health Care. 2010;19 Suppl 2:i34-43.

Dietrich CF, Lucius C, Nielsen MB, Burmester E, Westerway SC, Chu CY, et al. The ultrasound use of simulators, current view, and perspectives: requirements and technical aspects (WFUMB state of the art paper). Endosc Ultrasound. 2023;12(1):38-49.

Puri SS, Goel N, Garg P. Portfolios in competency-based medical education: a roadmap to holistic MBBS training. MGM J Med Sci. 2025;12(2):378-82.

Tellis WM, Andriole KP. Implementing a MIRC interface for a database driven teaching file. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2003:1029.

Brockmann M, Clarke L, Méhaut P, Winch C. Competence-based vocational education and training (VET): the cases of England and France in a European perspective. Vocat Learn. 2008;1(3):227-44.

Stoehr F, Müller L, Brady AP, Catalano C, Mildenberger P, Mähringer-Kunz A, et al. Online teaching in radiology as a pilot model for modernizing medical education: results of an international study in cooperation with the ESR. Insights Imaging. 2021;12:141.

Linguraru MG, et al. Clinical, cultural, computational, and regulatory considerations to deploy AI in radiology: perspectives of RSNA and MICCAI experts. Radiol Artif Intell. 2024;6(4):e240225.

Brady AP, Bello JA, Derchi LE, Fuchsjäger M, Goergen S, Krestin GP, et al. Radiology in the era of value-based healthcare: a multi-society expert statement from the ACR, CAR, ESR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA. Insights Imaging. 2020;11:136.

Upadhyay N, Wadkin JCR. Can training in diagnostic radiology be moved online during the COVID-19 pandemic? UK trainee perceptions of the Radiology-Integrated Training Initiative (R-ITI) e-learning platform. Clin Radiol. 2021;76(11):854-60.

Stock M, Mardakhaev E, Burns J. Performance anxiety in radiology education and clinical practice. J Am Coll Radiol. 2023;20(11):1162-7.

Brady AP, Neri E. Artificial intelligence in radiology—ethical considerations. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020;10(4):231.

Wagner M, Heckemann RA, Nömayr A, Greess H, Bautz WA, Grunewald M. COMPARE/Radiology, an interactive Web-based radiology teaching program: evaluation of user response. Acad Radiol. 2005;12(6):752-60.

Grunewald M, Heckemann RA, Wagner M, Bautz WA, Greess H. ELERA: a WWW application for evaluating and developing radiologic skills and knowledge. Acad Radiol. 2004;11(12):1381-8.

Tam CYW, Dizon JIWT, Nga PY. Implementation of hybrid simulation training to promote collective and self-efficacy in medical students: a two-pronged approach. Ann Med. 2025;57(1):2527362.

Kotter E, Ranschaert E. Challenges and solutions for introducing artificial intelligence (AI) in daily clinical workflow. Eur Radiol. 2021;31(1):5-7.

Barry S, Davies C. Creating system-wide change in medicine: the role of implementation science in achieving scale and adoption. Future Healthc J. 2025;12(3):100452.

Iqbal AI, Aamir A, Hammad A, Hafsa H, Basit A, Oduoye MO, et al. Immersive technologies in healthcare: an in-depth exploration of virtual reality and augmented reality in enhancing patient care, medical education, and training paradigms. J Prim Care Community Health. 2024;15:21501319241293311.

Ayub SM. “See one, do one, teach one”: balancing patient care and surgical training in an emergency trauma department. J Glob Health. 2022;12:03051.

Granata V, De Muzio F, Cutolo C, Dell'Aversana F, Grassi F, Grassi R, et al. Structured reporting in radiological settings: pitfalls and perspectives. J Pers Med. 2022;12(8):1344.

Krishna NK R, Anupama RS, Shivaraj K. Artificial intelligence in radiology: augmentation, not replacement. Cureus. 2025;17(6):e86247.

Downloads

Published

2026-09-29

How to Cite

Khan, H., Anjum, S., & Arfat, M. (2026). The future of radiology education and training: a vision for future training models . International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 14(10), 4923–4930. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20263576

Issue

Section

Review Articles