A comparison of platelet count in severe preeclampsia, mild preeclampsia and normal pregnancy

Authors

  • Amit Gupta Department of Pathology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • Bindu S. Gaur Department of Pathology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • K. B. Mishra Department of Pathology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • Ishan Dubey Department of Pathology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180318

Keywords:

Preeclampsia, Platelet count, Thrombocytopenia

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia, the most common of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is an idiopathic multisystem disorder affecting 2 – 10% of all pregnancies and together they form one member of the deadly triad, along with hemorrhage and infection that contribute greatly to the maternal morbidity and mortality rates. The identification of this clinical entity and effective management play a significant role in the outcome of pregnancy. Platelet count is emphasized to play a significant role in hemostasis mechanism of preeclampsia and the degree of thrombocytopenia increases with severity of preeclampsia. This study was conducted to find correlation of platelet count in severe preeclampsia, mild preeclampsia and normal subjects.

Methods: Total 140 subjects, 70 control and 70 cases were enrolled in the study. Samples for platelet count were collected and estimation was carried out by the auto-analyzers. The statistical evaluation is done using SPSS version 22 along with Anova and student t-test.

Results: The mean platelet count was significantly lower (p <0.05) in mild and severe preeclampsia than that in the normal pregnancy. Decreased platelet count in severe preeclampsia was significant compared to that in mild preeclampsia.

Conclusions: The frequency of thrombocytopenia was found to be directly related with the severity of disease, so platelet count can be used as a simple and cost effective tool to monitor the progression of preeclampsia, thereby preventing complications to develop during the gestational period.

Author Biography

Amit Gupta, Department of Pathology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

postgraduate student

References

Sibai B, Dekker G, Kupferminc M. Pre-eclampsia. Lancet. 2005;365 (9461):785-99.

De Boer K, ten Cate JWn Sturk A, Borm JJ, Treffers PE. Enhanced thrombin generation in normal and hypertensive pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989 Jan;160(1):95-100.

Prisco D, Cluti G, Falciani M. Haemostatic changes in normal pregnancy. Hematological reports. 2005;1(10):1-5.

Ellenson LH, Pirog EC. The female genital tract. In: Kumar V, Abbas A, Fausto N, Aster J, editkors. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic basis of disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Saunders Elsevier;2010:1055-6.

Redman CW. Current topic: pre-eclampsia and the placenta. Placenta. 1991 Jul-Aug;12(4):301-8.

Burrows RF, Hunter DJ, Andrew M, Kelton JG. A prospective study investigating the mechanism of thrombocytopenia in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynaecol. 1987 Sep;70 (3 Pt 1):334-8.

Vamseedhar A, Srinivasa K, Santhosh K Yatnatti, Suresh DR. Evaluation of platelet indices and platelet counts and their significance in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011;2(1):425-8.

Romero R, Mazor M, Lockwood CJ, Emamian M, Belanger KP, Hobbins JC et al. Clinical significance, prevalence, and natural history of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy-induced hypertension. Am J Perinatol. 1989 Jan;6(1):32-8.

Shaper AG, Kear J, Macintosh DM, Kyobe J, Njama D. The platelet count,platelet adhesiveness and aggregation and the mechanism of fibrinolytic inhibition in pregnancy and the puerperium. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw. 1968 April;75(4):433-41.

Wallenburg HC, van Kessel PH. Platelet lifespan in normal pregnancy as determined by a nonradioisotopic technique. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1978 Jan; 85(1):33-6.

Sill PR, Lind T, Walker W. Platelet values during normal pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1985 May;92(5):480-3.

Gerbasi FR, Bottoms S, Farag A, Mammen E. Increased intravascular coagulation associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Mar;75(3 Pt 1):385-9.

Supplement Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Available at https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/732a/a9cec8672ecea673951fd51d09a936b4e200.pdf

Jaleel A, Baseer A. Thrombocytopenia in preeclampsia: an earlier detector of HELLP syndrome. JPMA. J Pak Med Assoc. 1997 Sep;47(9):230-2.

Kumar PL, Nirmala T, Vani BR, Murthy Srinivasa V, Geetha RL. Study of coagulation profile in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Indian J Pathol Oncol. 2015:2(1):1-6.

Priyadarshini GP, Mohanty RR. Assessment of coagulation profile and its correlation with severity of preeclampsia in women of odisha-a comparative cross-sectional study. Inter J Basic Applied Physiol. 2014;3(1).

Jahromi BN, Rafiee SH. Coagulation factors in severe preeclampsia. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2009;11(3):321-4.

Chaware SA, Dhake R, Ingole AS, Bahattare VN, Bhopale KS. Study of coagulation profile in preeclampsia and eclampsia; MedPulse. Inter Med J. 2015;2(3);:164-170.

Sameer MA, Meshram DP, Deshpande SA, Sadhu D, Pandit S. Role of platelet count as important prognostic marker in pregnancy induced hypertension. J Dent Med Sci. 2014 Apr;13(4):39-43

Chauhan P, Rawat U, Bisht V, Purohi RC. Comparison of coagulation profile on pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients with normotensive pregnant patients. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2014;12(3):3208-15.

Meshram DP, Chavan YH, Kadam PN, Panchal MG, Ramteke DJ. Maternal and foetal outcomes in pregnancy induced hypertension -a hospital based study. Int J Pharmaceut Sci Invent. 2014;3:23-26.

Vrunda JK, Shaila S. Lowered platelet count: A prognostic index in preeclampsia. J Obstet Gynaecol Ind. 2004;54 (3):235-6.

Mohapatra S, Pradhan BB, Satpathy UK, Mohanty A, Pattnaik JR. Platelet estimation: its prognostic value in pregnancy induced hypertension. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2007 Apr-Jun;51(2):160-4.

Srivastava M, Bali S, Pandey J, Nayar V, Talib VH. Pregnancy induced hypertension and antithrombin-III. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 1995 July;38(3):257-60.

Jambhulkar S, Shrikhande A, Shrivastava R, Deshmukh K. Coagulation profile in pregnancy induced hypertension. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2001 March;19(1):3-5.

Kamel Ammar WAE, Moharam Abd El Hasseeb Abd EI Hei, Mahmoud Ahmed Gehad, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed. Evaluation of platelet indices and their significance in Preeclampsia. Nat Sci. 2014;12(3):147-153.

O'Brien WF, Saba HI, Knuppel RA, Scerbo JC, Cohen GR. Alterations in platelet concentration and aggregation in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1986 Sep;155(3):486-90.

Fitzgerald DJ, Entman SS, Mulloy K, FitzGerald GA. Decreased prostacyclin biosynthesis preceding the clinical manifestation of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Circulation. 1987 May;75(5):956- 63.

Whigham KA, Howie PW, Drummond AH, Prentice CR. Abnormal platelet function in pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1978 Jan;85(1):28-32.

Venkatesha S, Toporsian M, Lam C, Hanai J, Mammoto T, Kim YM, et al. Soluble endoglin contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Nat Med 2006 Jun;12(6):642-9.

Kita N, Mitsushita J. A Possible placental factor for preeclampsia: sFlt- 1. Curr Med Chem. 2008;15(7):711-5.

Young BC, Levine RJ, Karumanchi SA. Pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Annu Rev Pathol. 2010;5:173-92.

Downloads

Published

2018-01-24

How to Cite

Gupta, A., Gaur, B. S., Mishra, K. B., & Dubey, I. (2018). A comparison of platelet count in severe preeclampsia, mild preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 6(2), 671–676. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180318

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles