Clinico epidemiological and mycological study of pityriasis versicolor PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182043Keywords:
Achromic, Chromic, Malassezia, Pityriasis versicolorAbstract
Background: Pityriasis versicolor, a chronic superficial fungal infection caused by lipophilic yeasts of the genus, Malassezia is a common infection in the tropical and subtropical regions. Objective was to study the epidemiology, clinical presentation, associations, etiological agents and clinico-mycological correlation of pityriasis versicolor.
Methods: Hundred patients with clinical diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor who attended the mycology out-patient (OP) clinic between September 2014 and August 2015 were enrolled. Skin scrapings from these patients were subjected to 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and culture.
Results: Out of the 100 patients with pityriasis versicolor (PV), 70% were males and 30% were females and the most affected age group was between 21-30 years (43%). The youngest age affected was a 13 years old male while the oldest was a 65 years old male. Duration of the infection ranged between 1 month to 6 months in 65% while it was more than 1 year in 9% of patients. Recurrence was observed in 35% of them. Back was the most common site (48%) to be involved. Seventy percent of patients had more than 30% body surface area involvement. Achromic type of PV was the most common clinical presentation in 68% of patients. Out of the 76 isolates, Malassezia globosa was the predominant isolate (48.7%), followed by M. sympodialis (25%), M. furfur (10.5%), M. restricta (7.9%) and M. obtusa (6.6%).
Conclusions: Achromic type of PV is the most common clinical presentation. Malassezia globosa is the most common etiological agent of pityriasis versicolor.
References
de Morais PM, Maria da Graça SC, Frota MZM. Clinical aspects of patients with pityriasis versicolor seen at a referral center for tropical dermatology in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. An Bras Dermatol 2010;85(6):797-803.
Pityriasis versicolor and other superficial and deep mycoses caused by lipophilic yeasts: Malassezia species. In: Reiss E, Shadomy HJ, Lyon III GM, eds. Fundamental Medical Mycology. New Jersey: John Wileyand Sons. Inc; 2012:576-588.
Gupta AK, Bluhm R, Summerbell R. Pityriasis versicolor. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2002;16:19-33.
Honnavar P, Prasad GS, Ghosh A, Dogra S, Handa S, Rudramurthy SM. Malassezia arunalokei sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from seborrheic dermatitis patients and healthy individuals from India. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54:1826-34.
Hay RJ, Ashbee HR. Fungal infections. In: Griffiths CE, Barker J, Bleiker T, Chalmers R, Creamer D, eds. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology, 9th Ed., Vol II. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell publishing ltd; 2016:923-1018.
Sharma A, Rabha D, Choraria S, Hazarika D, Ahmed G, Hazarika NK. Clinicomycological profile of pityriasis versicolor in Assam. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016;59:159-65.
Archana BR, Beena PM, Kumar S. Study of the distribution of malassezia species in patients with pityriasis versicolor in Kolar Region, Karnataka. Indian J Dermatol. 2015;60:321-4.
Tabaseera N, Kuchangi N, Swaroop MR. Clinico-epidemiological study of pityriasis versicolor in a rural tertiary care hospital. Int J Res Med Sci. 2014;2(4):1438-40.
Kaur M, Narang T, Bala M, Gupte S, Aggarwal P, Manhas A. Study of the distribution of Malassezia species in patients with pityriasis versicolor and healthy individuals in tertiary care hospital, Punjab. Ind J of Med Microbi. 2013;31(3):270-4.
Shah A, Koticha A, Ubale M, Wanjare S, Mehta P, Khopkar U. Identification and speciation of Malassezia in patients clinically suspected of having pityriasis versicolor. Indian J Dermatol. 2013;58:239.
Grover SV, Singh S, Banerjee T, Tilak R. Prevalence of different Malassezia species in Central India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2003;76:159-64.
Rao GS, Kuruvilla M, Kumar P, Vinod V. Clinicoepidemiological studies on tinea versicolor. Indian J of Dermatol venreol Leprol. 2002;68:202-8.
Kabbin JS, Vijaya D, Meundi MD, Leelavathy B. Clinicomycological Study of Pityriasis versicolor with a special reference to the Calco flour White stain. J of the Cli and Diagno Res. 2011;5(7):1356-58.
Hasan ARS, Alduliami AA, Al-Kialy KM. Clinical and Fungal Study of Pityriasis Versicolor Infection among Patients with Skin Mycoses in Baquba. Iraqi J Comm Med. 2009;1:30-3.
Kristany RIA, Bramono K, Wisnu IM. Identification of Malassezia from pityriasis versicolor in Indonesia and its relationship with clinical characteristics. Mycoses. 2008;52:257-62.
Krishnan A, Thappa DM. Morphological and pigmentary variations of pityriasis versicolor in south Indian patients. Indian J Dermatol. 2003;48(2):83-6.
Kambil SM. A Clinical and Epidemiological Study of Pityriasis Versicolor. Int J Sci Stud. 2017;5(9):155-9.
Ghosh SK, Dey SK, Saha I, Barbhuiya JN, Ghosh A, Roy AK. Pityriasis versicolor: a clinicomycological and epidemiological study from a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Dermatol. 2008:53(4):182-5.
Hafez M, El-Shamy S. Genetic susceptibility in pityriasis versicolor. Dermatologica. 1985;171:86-8.
He SM, Du WD, Yang S, Zhou AM, Li W, Wang J, et al. The genetic epidemiology of tinea versicolor in China. Mycoses. 2007;51:55-62.
Chaudhary R, Singh S, Banerjee T, Tilak R. Prevalence of different Malassezia species in pityriasis versicolor in central India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2010;76:159-64.
Crespo EV, Ojeda MA, Vera CA. Isolation and identification of Malassezia spp. In pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis and healthy skin. Rev Iberoam Mycol. 1999;16:S16-S21.
Kareema AA, Hudahadi A. Clinicomycological profile of superficial mycosis and the relationship of ABO blood group with superficial mycosis. J of Yea and Fun Resea. 2014:5(5):63-6.
Meera G, Thilak S, Joshua J. A study of 200 cases of pityriasis versicolor: the distribution of age, gender, blood group, lesion morphology, hemoglobin levels, cholesterol levels and diabetic status. Int J Res Dermatol. 2017;3:20-3.
Kindo AJ, Sophia SKC, Kalyani J, Anandan S. Identification of malassezia species. Indian journal of medical mycology. 2004;22(3):179-81.
Crespo-Erchiga V, Gómez-Moyano E, Crespo M. Pityriasis Versicolor and the Yeasts of Genus Malassezia. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2008;99:764-71.
Crespo EV, Ojeda MA, Vera CA, Crespo Erchiga A, Sanchez Fajardo F. Malassezia globosa as the causative agent of pityriasis versicolor. Br J Dermatol. 2000;143:799-803.
Aspiroz C, Ara M, Varea M, Rezusta A, Rubio C. Isolation of Malassezia globosa and M. sympodialis from patients with pityriasis versicolor in Spain. Mycopathologia. 2002;154:111-7.
Thayikannu AB, Kindo AJ, Veeraraghavan M. Characterization of Malassezia species and their clinical correlation in a tertiary healthcare centre in South India. J Acad Clin Microbiol. 2013;15:49-53.
