Bacteriology of diabetic foot infections and their antibacterial susceptibility

Authors

  • Alex Aiswariya Department of Microbiology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India
  • Kalagara Pavani Department of Microbiology, RangaboinaVenkataiah Memmorial Institute of Medical Science and Research Center, Siddipet District, Telangana, Andra Pradesh, India
  • Bhanudas Surpam Rajendra Department of Microbiology, Govt. Medical College, Nagpur, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184032

Keywords:

Antimicrobial susceptibility, Bacterial profile, Diabetic foot infections

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot infections are the most common bacterial infections encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus and remain the leading complication requiring frequent hospitalization.  Hence, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bacteria in diabetic foot infections and their antibiogram which can help to inform therapeutic choices.

Methods: A prospective study conducted on clinical specimens taken from patients with diabetic foot infections, over 3 years duration. The clinical specimens were processed by using the standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was studied by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.

Results: Among 103 cases studied, 97 were culture positive. Out of these specimens, 25 (25.77%) had monomicrobial flora and 72 (74.23%) had polymicrobial flora. A total of 176 bacteria were obtained which include 62 gram positive cocci and 114 gram negative bacilli. All gram negative bacilli showed good sensitivity to imipenem (97.30%), followed by cefaperazone sulbactam (81.98%), piperacillin-tazobactam (75.68%) and amikacin (72.97%). All gram positive cocci remained 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid followed by clindamycin (not tested for Enterococci Spp.) and gentamicin  in a range of  91.43 % to 72.88%. The prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms among aerobic isolates were 59.66%.

Conclusions: Diabetic foot infections are polymicrobial. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococus aureus were the most common isolates. The most sensitive antibiotics are imipenem for gram negative bacilli while vancomycin and linezolid were effective for gram positive cocci. The antibiogram of isolates will be helpful in determining the drugs for the empirical treatment of diabetic foot infection.

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Published

2018-09-25

How to Cite

Aiswariya, A., Pavani, K., & Rajendra, B. S. (2018). Bacteriology of diabetic foot infections and their antibacterial susceptibility. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 6(10), 3276–3280. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184032

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Original Research Articles