Study of prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of pterygium in Sub Himalayan region, India

Abhishek Padha; Prateek Koul; Swati Sharma

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184882

Authors

Abhishek Padha Department of Ophthalmology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
Prateek Koul Department of Ophthalmology, VCSG Government Medical College, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
Swati Sharma Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184882

Keywords:

Pterygium, Prevalence, Socio-demographic determinants

Abstract

Background: Pterygium, derived from the Greek work ‘pteryx’, meaning wing is a growth of fibrovascular tissue on the cornea and conjunctiva in the palpebral fissure. The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence and Socio-demographic determinants of pterygium in Sub Himalayan region of Himachal Pradesh, India.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between the months of May-June 2018, in the outpatient department of Ophthalmology of Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Chamba, H.P, India. Among all the patients visiting the OPD in the given duration, a total of 200 patients having Pterygium were selected for the study. Detailed history of the all the patients were taken and required examination was done. Data collected was analysed with Microsoft excel software.

Results: Out of the 200 patients, 59% were males and 41% were females. 70% of the total study population were seen in the age group 41-60years. In present study a total of 130 patients (65%) were outdoor workers. Left eye (40.5%) was the eye most frequently involved eye in present study, right eye (36.5%) also both the eyes were involved in 23% of study population. Nasal pterygium was seen in 93%, temporal pterygia 5.5% and double pterygium (both nasal and temporal presentation in same eye) in 1.5% patients. Grade I pterygium was seen in 43.5% patients, grade II in 40% and grade III pterygia were found in 16.5% of the study population.

Conclusions: People living in high altitude regions and who work outdoors, are subjected to increased U.V. exposure. So, they must take appropriate precautions like wearing protective glasses and caps etc.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Ela-Dalman N, Velez FG, Rosenbaum AL. Incomitant esotropia following pterygium excision surgery. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Mar 1;125(3):369-73.

Anbesse DH, Kassa T, Kefyalew B, Tasew A, Atnie A, Desta B. Prevalence and associated factors of pterygium among adults living in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. PloS one. 2017 Mar 30;12(3):e0174450.

Chavan WM, Kamble MG, Giri PA. Study of prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of pterygium patients attending at a tertiary care teaching hospital of Western Maharashtra, India. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Jan 7;3(4):846-8.

Rohatgi S. Pterygium: an epidemiological study in India. Int J Healthcare Biomed Res. 2013 Jul;4:297-301.

Khurana AK. Pterygium. In: Khurana AK, eds. Comprehensive Ophthalmology. 4th ed. India. New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers; 2007:80.

Parthasarathy NR, Gupta UC. Prevalence of pterygium in rural India. Orient Arch Ophthal-mol. 1967 May;5:139-47.

Wong TY, Foster PJ, Johnson GJ, Seah SK, Tan DT. The prevalence and risk factors for pterygium in an adult Chinese population in Singapore: the Tanjong Pagar survey. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001 Feb 1;131(2):176-83.

Ganeshpuri AS, Kamble BS, Patil P, Wadgaonkar SP. A comparative study of tear film stability and secretion in pterygium patients-Diabetic vs. non-diabetic. Int J of Health Sci Res. 2014;4(4):86-97.

Viso E, Gude F, Rodríguez-Ares MT. Prevalence of pinguecula and pterygium in a general population in Spain. Eye. 2011 Mar;25(3):350.

Yoon KC, Mun GH, Kim SD, Kim SH, Kim CY, Park KH, et al. Prevalence of eye diseases in South Korea: data from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2008-2009. Korean J f Ophthalmol. 2011 Dec 1;25(6):421-33.

Shiroma H, Higa A, Sawaguchi S, Iwase A, Tomidokoro A, Amano S, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of pterygium in a southwestern island of Japan: the Kumejima Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009 Nov 1;148(5):766-71.

Beki-bele CO, Adeoye AO, Adegbehingbe BO, Onakpoya OH, Olateju SO, Ajite KO. Prevalence and pattern of eye disorders among commercial motorcycle riders in Ile-Ife, Osun state. Nigerian Postgrad Med J. 2014 Sep;21(3):255-61.

Liu L, Wu J, Geng J, Yuan Z, Huang D. Geographical prevalence and risk factors for pterygium: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2013 Nov 1;3(11):e003787.

Rahman A, Yahya K, Fasih U, Shaikh A. Comparison of Schirmer's test and tear film breakup time test to detect tear film abnormalities in patients with pterygium. JPMA. 2012 Nov;62(11):1214-6.

Krishnaram K. Prevalaence and pattern of pterygium. Internet J Ophthalmol Visual Sci. 2013;10(1):1-4.

Maharjan IM, Shreshth E, Gurung B, Karmacharya S. Prevalence of and associated risk factors for pterygium in the high altitude communities of Upper Mustang, Nepal. Nepalese J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jan;6(1):65-70.

Marmamula S, Khanna RC, Rao GN. Population-based assessment of prevalence and risk factors for pterygium in the South Indian state of Andhra Pradesh: the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study. Investigative Ophthalmol Visual Sci. 2013 Aug 1;54(8):5359-66.

Mutlu FM, Sobaci G, Tatar T, Yildirim E. A comparative study of recurrent pterygium surgery: Limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation versus mitomycin C with conjunctival flap1. Ophthalmol. 1999 Apr 1;106(4):817-21.

Nemet AY, Vinker S, Segal O, Mimouni M, Kaiserman I. Epidemiology and associated morbidity of pterygium: a large, community-based case-control study. InSeminars in ophthalmology 2016 Sep 2;31(5):446-51.

Manhas A, Gupta D, Manhas RS, Manhas GS. Sociodemographic profile of pterygium patients attending Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir-a study from North India. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Mar 28;5(4):1384-7.