Effect of smoking on vitamin C and MDA: a cross sectional comparative study

Authors

  • Chandrashekar V. Kubihal Department of Biochemistry, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India
  • Hemalatha D. Naik Department of Biochemistry, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20190511

Keywords:

MDA, Peroxidation effect, Smoking, Vitamin C

Abstract

Background: Plasma gets exposed to the gases present in the smoke of the cigarette which leads to peroxidation. The ascorbic acid present in the body gets oxidized there is danger of derangement of lipid profile. The measure of malondialdehyde which is formed in lipid peroxidation reaction is indicative of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress seen among the smokers has been attributed to high MDA levels. Objective was to study the effect of smoking on vitamin C and MDA.

Methods: Present study was cross sectional study. Two groups of subjects were compared. Out of 100 study subjects, 25 were non smokers and were kept in one group. Remaining 75 were smokers. These two groups were compared to find out how the smoking habit affects the MDA as well as vitamin C levels among them.

Results: The levels of MDA were more in smokers compared to those who did not smoke and this difference was significant. The levels of vitamin C were less in smokers compared to those who did not smoke and this difference was significant (p<0.05). It was found that the MDA levels were significantly more among all degrees of smokers. It was less in smokers with mild degree compared to smokers with heavy or moderate degree. Level of vitamin C was more in non smokers compared to smokers. Mild degree of smokers had better levels of vitamin C compared to moderate degree of smokers.

Conclusions: Smoking affects the vitamin C levels and MDA levels in the human body.

References

Sorsa M. Passive and active exposure to cigarette smoke in a smking experiment. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1985;16:523-4.

Zhu BO. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases myocardial infarct size in rats. Circulation. 1994;89:1282-90.

Frei C. Gas phase oxidants of cigarette smoke induce lipid peroxidation and changes in lipoprotein properties in human blood plasma. Biochem J. 1991;277:133-8.

Marrow JD. Increase in circulating products of lipid peroxidation (F2 isoprostanes) in smokers. New Engl J Med. 1995;332:1198-203.

Heitzer T. Antioxidant vitamin C improves endothelial dysfunction in chronic smokers. Circulation. 1996;94:6-9.

Satho K. Serum lipid peroxide in cerebrovascular disorder determined by a new colorimetric method. Clinica Chimica Acta. 1978;90:37-43.

Ohkawa H. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Chem. 1979;95:351-8.

Kunert DK, Tapell AL. Effects of vitamin E, ascorbic acid and mannitol on alloxan induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Arch Biochem Biophysics. 1982;216:204-12.

Omaye ST. Ascorbic acid analysis II determination after derivation with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine. Methods in Enzymol. 1979;42:8-9.

McCormick DB, Greene HL. Vitamins. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. TIETZ Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. 3rd ed. Saunders Elsevier, Missouri; 2008:818-844.

Petruzzelli S. Pulmonary lipid peroxidation in cigarette smokers and lung cancer patients. Chest. 1990;98:930-9.

Rahman I, mac Nee W. Oxidant/antioxidants imbalance in smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 1996;51:348-50.

Stringer MD. Lipid peroxides and atherosclerosis. Br Med J. 1989;298:281-4.

Kallner AB. On the requirements of ascorbic acid in man: steady state turnover and body pool in smokers. Am J Clin Nutr. 1981;34:1347-55.

Heitzer T. Cigarette smoking potentiates endothelial dysfunction of forearm resistance vessels in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Circulation. 1996;93:1346-53.

Levine GN. Ascorbic acid reverses endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1996;93:1107-13.

Lykkesfeldt J. Ascorbate is depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation: a study in male smokers and non smokers with matched dietary antioxidant intake. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:530-6.

Downloads

Published

2019-02-27

How to Cite

Kubihal, C. V., & Naik, H. D. (2019). Effect of smoking on vitamin C and MDA: a cross sectional comparative study. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 7(3), 746–749. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20190511

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles