Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its relationship with various risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal with special reference to tribal population, India

Narenrda Kumar Sharma; Subodh Kumar Mahto; Rahul Sharma; Ankita Sheoran; Sumit Kumar Suman; Pulin Kumar Gupta; Bishwanath Sharma Sarkar; Ramprasad Dey

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191306

Authors

Narenrda Kumar Sharma Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Subodh Kumar Mahto Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Rahul Sharma Department of ophthalmology, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Ankita Sheoran Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Sumit Kumar Suman Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Pulin Kumar Gupta Department of Medicine, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Bishwanath Sharma Sarkar Department of Medicine, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
Ramprasad Dey Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191306

Keywords:

Gestational diabetes mellitus, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk factor

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication and metabolic disorder of pregnancy. The aim and objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of GDM and its relationship with various risk factors with special reference to tribal population.

Methods: The study was done in 200 patients between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, attending antenatal outdoor in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal. These patients were given 75gm oral glucose irrespective of the last meal and their plasma glucose was estimated at 2hours. Patients with plasma glucose values ≥140 mg/dl were labelled as GDM. Patients who were diabetic before pregnancy or whose pre pregnancy body mass index was not known or was in labour or had chronic disease, were not included in the study.

Results: Prevalence of GDM was 11% in whole population while it was 14.63% and 10.06% in tribal and non-tribal population respectively. Prevalence of GDM and its correlation with most of risk factors in previous pregnancies was found to be significant in both non-tribal and tribal population. Family history of diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent risk factor in both non-tribal (9.4%) and tribal population (14.63%). There was no single most common risk factor among GDM patients found as there were multiple risk factors present with same frequency in both tribal and non-tribal population.

Conclusions: The prevalence of GDM is 14.63% in the tribal population and 10.06% in non-tribal population which is not statically significant (P<0.407). The relation between the prevalence of GDM and risk factors was found to be significant for most of the risk factors.

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