Epidemiology and clinical aspects of hematological malignancies at the military hospital of Antananarivo

Valéry Refeno; Nomeharisoa R. E. Hasiniatsy; Andriatsioharana V. N. Ramahandrisoa; Fanomezantsoa A. Rakoto; Aimée O. Rakoto Alson; Florine Rafaramino

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192478

Authors

Valéry Refeno Department of of Oncology, Professor Zafisaona Gabriel Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Mahajanga, Mahajanga, Madagascar
Nomeharisoa R. E. Hasiniatsy Department of Oncology and Palliative Care, Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
Andriatsioharana V. N. Ramahandrisoa Department of Oncology, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
Fanomezantsoa A. Rakoto Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
Aimée O. Rakoto Alson Department of Hematology, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
Florine Rafaramino Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192478

Keywords:

Clinical aspects, Epidemiology, Hematological malignancies, Military hospital, Madagascar

Abstract

Background: Malignant hemopathies constitute a group of pathologies having in common the anomalies of the bone marrow or of the lymphatic system cells. In developed countries, the number and actual distribution of cancers is provided by cancer registries. In Madagascar there is no effective cancer registry and only two studies on malignant hemopathies have been carried out to date, but neither has described their epidemiology and clinical aspects. Thus, we aimed to describe the epidemiology and clinical aspects of malignant hemopathies managed in the Medical Oncology Unit of the Military Hospital of Antananarivo.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out at this unit from 1^st December 2012 to 31^st August 2015 (33 months). Authors included all patients followed, then excluded those without pathologic evidence, cases of monoclonal gammapathy of unknown significance and cases of solid cancers.

Results: We followed up 57 cases of malignant hemopathies. The mean age was 49.39±15.46 years and the sex ratio was 1.71. Superficial lymphadenopathy was the most frequent warning signs (31.58%) and lymphomas were most represented (52.63%). There was a significant association between warning signs and diagnosis (p value <0.001).

Conclusions: Present results are grossly similar to those of other African authors. Present results are distinguished by a low proportion of chronic myeloid leukemia and a very low proportion of chronic lymphocytic leukemia compared to literature data. The effectiveness of the cancer registry will allow us to improve the knowledge about frequency and current distribution of cancer in Madagascar.

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