Cardiovascular risk factors in chronic renal failure patient at Soavinandriana Hospital Antananarivo

Authors

  • Lucas Z. Randimbinirina Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
  • Fanomezantsoa H. Randrianandrianina Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
  • Tsirimalala Rajaobelison Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagasca
  • Jean Claude A. Rakotoarisoa Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
  • Agnes M. L. Ravalisoa Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202906

Keywords:

Cardiovascular risk factors, Chronic kidney disease, Diabetes mellitus, Haemodialysis, High blood pressure

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of morbidity and premature mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk in haemodialysis population for chronic kidney disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study for a period of 4 years from January 2016 to December 2019, performed at hemodialysis unit in Soavinandriana Hospital Center Antananarivo, including all patients, following regular hemodialysis for chronic renal failure. Demographic data, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, aetiology of nephropathy, haemoglobin <11 g/dl, phosphocalcic metabolism disorders and uricemia were analyzed.

Results: Seventy-six patients were recorded, including 46 males (60.52%) and were women (39.47%). The average age was 59.98 years old. The risk factors of cardiovascular disease were smoking (22.36%), diabetes mellitus (46.05%), high blood pressure (71.05%), dyslipidemia (47.36%) and obesity (11.84%). Fifty-eight patients (76.31%) had a high cardiovascular risk factor. Seventy patients (22.36%) had had a history of cardiovascular diseases. Fifty-nine patients had a haemoglobin concentration under 11 g/dl (77.63%). There were 23 cases of hypocalcemia (30.26%), 22 cases of hyperphosphatemia (28.94%) and 37 cases of hyperuricemia (48.68%).

Conclusions: There was a high cardiovascular risk factor in this study population. Early detection of cardiovascular diseases should be done in patients who have a high-risk factor of cardiovascular disease to decrease the mortality rate in chronic kidney diseases population. The appropriate management of modifiable risk factors is important to improve the survival of this study patients.

References

USRDS. Chronic kidney disease in the adult NHANES population. USRDS Annual Report Data. 2009.

Modi ZJ, Lu Y, Ji N, Kapke A, Selewski DT, Dietrich X et al. Risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in young adults with end-stage renal disease: an analysis of the US Renal Data System. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(4):353-62.

Ramilitiana B, Ramiandrisoa LR, Ravaoavy H, Rate iarivony AJ, Ranivoharisoa ME, Randriamarotia HWF. Determinants de la progression de la maladie renal chronicum au service de Nephrology du Centre Hospitaller Universitario Befelatanana, Antananarivo. Curr Med Res Opin. 2019;02(10):315-19.

Martínez-Castelao A, Górriz JL, Portolé JM, De Alvaro F, Cases A, Luño J et al. Baseline characteristics of patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 and stage 4 in Spain: the MERENA observational cohort study. BMC Nephrol. 2011;12(1):53.

Rahman M, Xie D, Feldman HI, Go AS, He J, Kusek JW, et al. Association between chronic kidney disease progression and cardiovascular disease: results from the CRIC study. Am J Nephrol. 2014;40(5):399-407.

Iimori C, Naito S, Noda Y, Nishida H, Kihira H, Yui N, et al. Anaemia management and mortality risk in newly visiting patients with chronic kidney disease in Japan: The CKD‐ROUTE study. Nephrol. 2015;20(9):601-8.

Yuan J, Zou XR, Han SP, Cheng H, Wang L, Wang JW, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among chronic kidney disease patients: results from the Chinese cohort study of chronic kidney disease (C-STRIDE). BMC Nephrol. 2017;18(1):23.

El-Gamasy MA, Mawlana WH. Risk factors and prevalence of cardiac diseases in Egyptian pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2019;30:53-61.

Kaba ML, Camara M, Béavogui M, Bah AO, Fousény D, Kourouma ML, et al. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease among patients admitted to the medical wards in Conakry. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2016;27:1073-5.

Liu M, Li XC, Lu L, Cao Y, Sun RR, Chen S, et al. Cardiovascular disease and its relationship with chronic kidney disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014;18(19):2918-26.

London GM. Cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure: pathophysiologic aspects. In Seminars Dialysis. 2003;16(2):85-94.

Babua C, Kalyesubula R, Okello E, Kakande B, Sebatta E, Mungoma M, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors among patients with chronic kidney disease attending a tertiary hospital in Uganda. Cardiovasc J Afr. 2015;26(4):177-80.

Pancha Mbouemboue O, Danbe OD, Tangyi Tamanji M, Ngoufack JO. Frequency of specific cardiovascular disease risk factors among Cameroonian patients on dialysis: the cases of anaemia, inflammation, phosphate, and calcium. Cardiol Res Pract. 2016:5.

Silva LS, Oliveira RA, Silva GB, Lima JO, Silva RP, Liborio AB, et al. Cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis in a developing country. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2012;23:262-6.

Parikh NI, Hwang SJ, Larson MG, Meigs JB, Levy D, Fox CS. Cardiovascular disease risk factors in chronic kidney disease: overall burden and rates of treatment and control. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(17):1884-91.

Al-Shamsi S, Regmi D, Govender RD. Chronic kidney disease in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease in the United Arab Emirates: A population-based study. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(6):e0199920.

Kuznik A, Mardekian J, Tarasenko L. Evaluation of cardiovascular disease burden and therapeutic goal attainment in US adults with chronic kidney disease: an analysis of national health and nutritional examination survey data, 2001–2010. BMC Nephrol. 2013;14(1):132.

Pennell P, Leclercq B, Delahunty MI, Walters BA. The utility of non-HDL in managing dyslipidemia of stage 5 chronic kidney disease. Clin Nephrol. 2006;66(5):336-47.

Chen SC, Hung CC, Kuo MC, Lee JJ, Chiu YW, Chang JM. Association of dyslipidemia with renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease. PLoS One. 2013;8:2.

Gorostidi M, Sánchez-Martínez M, Ruilope LM, Graciani A, de la Cruz JJ, Santamaría R, et al. Prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica en Espan˜ a: impacto de la acumulación de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Nefrologia. 2018;38:606-15.

Jaroszynski A, Dereziński T, Jaroszyńska A, Zapolski T, Wąsikowska B, Wysokiński A. Association of anthropometric measures of obesity and chronic kidney disease in elderly women. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2016;23(4):636-40.

Orth SR, Hallan SI. Smoking: a risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease and for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal patients-absence of evidence or evidence of absence?. Clin J Am Soc Nephro. 2008;3(1):226-36.

Chen SC, Su HM, Tsai YC, Huang JC, Chang JM, Hwang SJ, et al. Framingham risk score with cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease. PLoS One. 2013;8:3.

Ulasi II, Arodiwe EB, Ijoma CK. Left ventricular hypertrophy in African Black patients with chronic renal failure at first evaluation. Ethn Dis 2006;16(4):859.

Levin A, Thompson CR, Ethier J, Carlisle EJF, Tobe S, Mendelssohn D. Left ventricular mass index increase in early renal disease: impact of decline in hemoglobin. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;34:125-34.

Foley RN. Phosphate levels and cardiovascular disease in the general population. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4(6):1136-9.

Shang D, Xie Q, Ge X, Yan H, Tian J, Kuang D et al. Hyperphosphatemia as an independent risk factor for coronary artery calcification progression in peritoneal dialysis patients. BMC Nephrol. 2015;16(1):107.

Lioufas N, Toussaint ND, Pedagogos E, Elder G, Badve SV, Pascoe E, et al. Can we IMPROVE cardiovascular outcomes through phosphate lowering in CKD? Rationale and protocol for the IMpact of Phosphate Reduction On Vascular End-points in Chronic Kidney Disease (IMPROVE-CKD) study. BMJ Open. 2019;9(2):e024382.

Yamaguchi S, Hamano T, Doi Y, Oka T, Kajimoto S, Kubota K, et al. Hidden hypocalcemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among patients undergoing incident hemodialysis. Sci Rep-UK. 2020;10(1):1-9.

Kuwabara M, Kaneko T, Komatsu I, Komiyama N, Ohashi Y, Nagai R, et al. Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease; a sub-analysis for REAL-CAD study. Circulat. 2019;140(Suppl 1):A16356-A16356.

Liu WC, Hung CC, Chen SC, Yeh SM, Lin MY, Chiu YW, et al. Association of hyperuricemia with renal outcomes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;7(4):541-8.

Downloads

Published

2020-06-26

How to Cite

Randimbinirina, L. Z., Randrianandrianina, F. H., Rajaobelison, T., Rakotoarisoa, J. C. A., & Ravalisoa, A. M. L. (2020). Cardiovascular risk factors in chronic renal failure patient at Soavinandriana Hospital Antananarivo. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 8(7), 2622–2627. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202906

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles