Blood pressure, lipid profile and glycemic control among type-2 diabetic patients in North Kerala
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212815Keywords:
Glycemic control, Lipid profile, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, TG-HDL ratioAbstract
Background: Glycemic control, lipid control and other modifiable risk factor, is very important to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to analyze glycemic control, lipid profile, BP and find the correlation of these parameters in the diabetic population of North Kerala.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study among the type 2 diabetic patients with 40-60 years of age, and those without any cardiac, renal, liver, and thyroid dysfunction. Fasting blood sugar, BP, HbA1c and lipid profile were assessed by VITROS 5600 integrated system. The study population was grouped in to two based on their glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7% and HbA1c <7%). Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software. The comparison of variables age, BP, FBS, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG, and TG/HDL was tested using independent student t test. The correlations between the variables were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: There was a significant positive correlation between DBP and poor glycemic control group (t=2.35, p=0.0102). Fasting blood sugar (p≤0.00001), total cholesterol (p=0.0031), triglycerides (p≤0.00001), LDL (p=0.0051), HDL (p=0.0010) and TG/HDL (p≤0.00001) also were significantly higher in this group. Age or gender showed no correlation with HbA1c and BP.
Conclusions: This study shows highly significant positive correlation between TG/HDL and poor glycemic control. It appears the degree of hypertension is not correlated with HbA1c, but significantly correlated with lipid profile especially among those with poor glycemic control.
Metrics
References
Prabodh S, Sripad DV, Chowdary NVS, Shekhar R. Hypertension and Dyslipidaemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients of Guntur and Krishna districts in Andhra Pradesh, India. National J Lab Med. 2012;1(1):7-10.
Chen YY, Lin YJ, Chong E, Chen PC, Chao TF, Chen SA, et al. The impact of diabetes mellitus and corresponding HbA1c levels on the future risks of cardiovascular disease and mortality: a representative cohort study in Taiwan. PLoS One. 2015.
Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA, Yudkin JS, Matthews DR, Cull CA, et al. Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321(7258):412-9.
Ogihara T, Asano T, Ando K, Chiba Y, Sakoda H, Anai M, et al. Angiotensin II-induced insulin resistance is associated with enhanced insulin signaling. Hypertension. 2002;40(6):872-9.
Khorasani SH, Masoumi M, Nakhaei, Masoumi A. Relationship Between the Hypertension Stage and Hemoglobin A1c in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes, Iranian Heart J. 2019;20(3):75-83.
Bower JK, Appel LJ, Matsushita K, Young JH, Alonso A, Brancati FL, et al. Glycated hemoglobin and risk of hypertension in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Diabetes care. 2012;35(5):1031-7.
Britton KA, Pradhan AD, Gaziano JM, Manson JE, Ridker PM, Buring JE, et al. Hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, and the risk of hypertension in women. Am J Hypertens. 2011;24(3):328-34.
Biadgo B, Abebe SM, Baynes HW, Yesuf M, Alemu A, Abebe M. Correlation between serum lipid profile with anthropometric and clinical variables in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2017;27(3):215-26.
Gordon L, Ragoobirsingh D, Morrison EY, Choo KE, Growder D, Martorell E. Lipid profile of type 2 diabetic and hypertensive patients in the jamaican population. J Lab Physicians. 2010;2(1):25-30.
Rao SN, Kuldeep GB. Correlations between Glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid profiles in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetics; J Diabetes Metab, 2019;10(10):836 -45.
Hussain A, Ali I, Ijaz M, Rahim A. Correlation between hemoglobin A1c and serum lipid profile in Afghani patients with type 2 diabetes: hemoglobin A1c prognosticates dyslipidemia. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2017;8(4):51-7.
Ozder A. Lipid profile abnormalities seen in T2DM patients in primary healthcare in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis. 2014;13:183.
Sarkar S, Meshram A. HbA1c and lipid profile levels in the known type 2 diabetic group in the rural region of Vidarbha, Maharashtra, India. J Evid Based Med Health. 2017;4:1915-20.
Naqvi S, Naveed S, Ali Z, Ahmad SM, Asadullah Khan R, et al. Correlation between Glycated Hemoglobin and Triglyceride Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus. 2017;9(6):1347.
Samdani TS, Mitra P, Rahim MA. Relationship of glycated haemoglobin with lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BIRDEM Med J. 2017;7:43-7.
Deshmukh S, Singh VB, Chetan KH, Meena BL, Beniwal S, Saini VK. Can HbA1c be a marker for cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Med Res Rev. 2015;3:419-23.
Alzahrani SH, Baig M, Aashi MM, Shaibi FK, Alqarni DA, Bakhamees WH. Association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019;12:1639-44.
Kundu D, Saikia M, Paul T. Study of the correlation between total lipid profile and glycosylated hemoglobin among the indigenous population of Guwahati. Int J Life Sci Scienti Res. 2017;3:1175-80.
Babic N, Valjevac A, Zaciragic A, Avdagic N, Zukic S, Hasic S. The Triglyceride/HDL Ratio and Triglyceride Glucose Index as Predictors of Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Med Arch. 2019;73(3):163-8.
Laverdy OG, Hueb WA, Sprandel M, Filho R, Maranhao RC. Effects of glycemic control upon serum lipids and lipid transfers to HDL in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: novel findings in unesterified cholesterol status. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2015;123(4):232-9.
Wang S, Ji X, Zhang Z, Xue F. Relationship between Lipid Profiles and Glycemic Control Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Qingdao, China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2020;17:5317-27.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
