Epidemiology of mammal bite injuries: 5 year review of a level II regional referral hospital in Mexico city
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20213396Keywords:
Animal bites, Epidemiology, Dog bites, Cat bitesAbstract
Background: Animal bites are a common cause of primary care and emergency department attention worldwide. However, the incidence of this pathology among Mexican population is not well known. Plastic surgeons are at the forefront of initial attention and final outcome of these destructive wounds in our country. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of animal bites over a 5 year period at a level II general hospital in Mexico city. Objective of current study was to determine the incidence of animal bites in hospital “Rubén Leñero” in Mexico city over a 5-year period
Methods: Retrospective study; records of emergency room of all adult patients who sustained animal bites between January 2016 to December 2020 were collected. Details about age, gender, and location of the injuries were recorded and analyzed.
Results: From a total of 277 cases, 273 were dog bites (98.56%) and 4 cat bites (1.44%), 173 males (62.45%) and 104 females (37.55%) were affected. The two most injured places in the human body were the hand with 98 cases (35.37%), followed by the lips in 45 cases (16.25%).
Conclusions: Animal bites are a frequent injury in the primary care unit, representing a health issue in our country. Proper patient evaluation and treatments are essential to prevent further complications and subsequent infections. Further investigation will be required to establish risk factors for this pathology.
References
Ellis R, Ellis C. Dog and cat bites. American Family Physician. 2014;90(4): 239-43.
Hurt JB, Maday KR. Management and treatment of animal bites. JAAPA. 2018;31(4):27-31.
Patronek GJ, Slavinski SA. Animal bites. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009;234(3):336-45.
Kennedy SA, Stoll LE, Lauder AS. Human and Other Mammalian Bite Injuries of the Hand: Evaluation and Management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015;23:47-57.
Mannion CJ, Graham A. Dog bite injuries in hospital practice. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2016;77(10):C165-8.
Morgan M. Hospital management of animal and human bites. J Hosp Infect. 2005;61:1-10.
Bula-Rudas FJ, Olcott JL. Human and Animal Bites. Pediatr Rev. 2018;39(10):490-500.
Aziz H, Rhee P, Pandit V, Tang A, Gries L, Joseph B. The current concepts in management of animal (dog, cat, snake, scorpion) and human bite wounds. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;78(3):641-8.
Gulluoglu R, Glasgow MJ, Bronsert M. Retrospective analysis of facial dog bite injuries at a level I trauma center in the Denver metro area. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014;76:1294-300.
Instituto Nacional de Estadídtica y Geografía (INEGI) Factsheet.Available at: Populationcensus.https:// www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/programas/ccpv/2020/doc/cpv2020_pres_res_cdmx.pdf. Accessed on 04 August 2021.
Rothe K, Tsokos M, Handrick W. Animal and Human Bite Wounds. Deutsches Ärzteblatt Int. 2015;112: 433-43.
Hernández DA. Mordedura de perro: Enfoque epidemiológico de las lesiones causadas por mordedura de perro. Revista de Enfermedades Infecciosas en Pediatría. 2009;23(89):13-20.
Chávez-Serna E, Andrade-Delgado L, Martínez-Wagner R, Altamirano-Arcos C, Espino-Gaucín I y Nahas-Combina L. Experiencia en el manejo de heridas por mordedura de perro en un hospital de tercer nivel de cirugíaplástica y reconstructiva en México. Cirugía y Cirujanos. 2019;87:528-39.
Paschos NK, Makris EA, Gantsos A, Georgoulis AD. Primary closure versus non-closure of dog bite wounds. a randomised controlled trial. Injury. 2014;45(1):237-40.
