Clinical characteristics and associated factors of cerebral palsy in pediatric population: a tertiary care centre clinicoepidemiological study

Naveen Kumar; Renu Agrawal; G. S. Tanwar; Srishti Agrawal

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240521

Authors

Naveen Kumar Department of Pediatrics, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Renu Agrawal Department of Pediatrics, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
G. S. Tanwar Department of Pediatrics, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Srishti Agrawal Department of Pediatrics, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240521

Keywords:

Cerebral palsy, Diplegia, Gross motor function classification system, Quadriplegia

Abstract

Background: Although, a highly prevalent disease, the etiology of cerebral palsy is still poorly understood thereby eluding a definitive prevention strategy. Our study aimed to evaluate the etiological, clinical and prognostic factors associated with cerebral palsy in children of western Rajasthan.

Methods: All cases of non-progressive neurological disorder in the age group of 6 months to 14 years were enrolled in the present study. Detailed assessment, CNS examination and related neuroimaging were performed. Statistical analysis was done by standard statistical methods.

Results: Maximum number of patients in current study were in the age group of 1-3 years. In our study according to sex, 40 (66.67%) were males and 20 (33.33) were females. Most of the patient in the present study were spastic quadriplegic type (40%) followed by spastic diplegia in 20% cases. As per gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) grading, maximum number of cases were 16 (26.67%) from grade 4. The most common sequelae in cerebral palsy were speech delay in 49 (81.66%) patients. Cortical atrophy was the most commonly (71.73%) seen abnormality on neuroimaging with CT-scan.

Conclusions: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive CNS disorder which has a major physical as well as psychological effects on the children as well as their families. The present study highlights the importance of understanding epidemiological and etiological aspects of the disease in Indian scenario.

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