The incidence and pattern of geriatric limb fractures in Ibadan, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203462Keywords:
Fall, Fractures, GeriatricsAbstract
Background: Individuals within the geriatric age group sustained different types of fractures as such the need to determine the incidence and pattern of limb fractures among patients 65 years and above admitted through the accident and emergency department of the University College Hospital Ibadan.
Methods: A retrospective hospital-based study in which patients 65 years and above admitted through the accident and emergency department of the University College Hospital Ibadan over a 42-month period were involved in the study. Using a proformal completed from the electronically stored data that captures the patient’s history, examination findings, X-ray film and treatment offered which was collected on a weekly basis.
Results: 12.58% of the patients reviewed within the study period were geriatric patients. A total of 98 geriatric patients were reviewed. There were 59 female and 39 male with a ratio 1.5:1. The fractures were mostly secondary to a trivial fall within their homes (68.37%) while traumatic injury from motor vehicle and motor bike crashes accounted for 11.22% and 16.33% respectively. The most commonly fractured bone is the femur and the proximal third is the most affected part. Comminuted fracture is the most common pattern observed.
Conclusions: More than 10% of the reviewed population was in the geriatric age group and the proximal femur was the most commonly fractured bone in this age group. They usually follow trivial falls.
References
Barlow AP, Zarifa Z, Shillito RG, Crumplin MK, Edwards E, Mccarthy JM. Surgery in a geriatric population. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1989;71(2):110.
Houghton PW, Jenkinson LR, Donaldson LA. Cholecystectomy in the elderly: a prospective study. BJS. 1985; 72(3):220-2.
National Population Commission. National census report. Abuja, Nigeria: National Population Commission. 2006.
McCaig LF, Burt CW. National hospital ambulatory medical care survey: 2003 emergency department summary. Adv Data. 2005;358:1.
Clark DE, Chu MK. Increasing importance of the elderly in a trauma system. Am J Emerg Med. 2002;20(2):108-11.
Luchette FA, Yelon JA, eds. Geriatric trauma and critical care. Springer; 2017.
Ismail AA, Pye SR,Cockeril WC,Lunt M, Silman AJ, Reeve J, et al. Incidence of limb fracture across Europe: results from the European prospective osteoporosis study (EPOS). Osteoporosis Int. 2002;13(7):565-71.
Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Prevention. National center for injury prevention and control. Web-based injury statistics query and reporting system (WISQARS); 2002.
Yoshida - intern S. A global Report on falls prevention epidemiology of falls. Geneva: WHO; 2007.
Jones G, Nguyen T, Sambrook PN, Kelly PJ, Gilbert C, Eisman JA. Symptomatic fracture incidence in elderly men and women; the dubbo osteoporosis epidemiology study (DOES). Osteoporosis Int. 1994;4(5):227-82
Adams SD, Cotton BA, McGuire MF, Dipasupil E, Podbielski JM, Zaharia A, et al. The unique pattern of complications in elderly trauma patients at a level I trauma center. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;72:1.
Berg RL, Cassells JS. Falls in older persons: risk factors and prevention. In the second fifty years: Promoting health and preventing disability. National Academies Press (US); 1992.
Gabell A, Simons MA, Nayak US. Falls in the healthy elderly; predisposing causes. Ergon Int J. 1985;28(7):965-75.
Ebrahim S, Kalache A. Epidemiology in old age. London: BMJ Publishing Group; 1996.
Tinetti ME, Speechley M, Ginter SF. Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. N Engl J Med. 1988;319(26):1701-7.
Tinetti ME. Factors associated with serious injury during falls by ambulatory nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1987;35(7):644-8.
Gowing R, Jain MK. Injury patterns and outcomes associated with elderly trauma victims in Kingston, Ontario. Can J Surg. 2007;50(6):437.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Traffic safety facts: 2007 data: pedestrians. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;53(6):824.
Hollis S, Lecky F, Yates DW, Woodford M. The effect of pre-existing medical conditions and age on mortality after injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2006;61(5):1255-60.
Champion HR, Copes WS, Buyer D, Flanagan ME, Bain L, Sacco WJ. Major trauma in geriatric patients. Am J Public Health. 1989;79(9):1278-82.
Singer BR, McLauchlan GJ, Robinson CM, Christie J. Epidemiology of fractures in 15 000 adults. the influence of age and gender. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998;80(2):243-8.
Van Staa TP, Dennison EM, Leufkens HA, Cooper C. Epidemiology of fractures in England and Wales. Bone. 2001;29(6):517-22.
Baron JA, Karagas M, Barrett J, Kniffin W, Malenka D, Mayor M, et al. Basic epidemiology of fractures of the upper and lower limb among Americans over 65 years of age. Epidemiol. 1996;612-8.
Barrett JA, Baron JA, Karagas MR, Beach ML. Fracture risk in the US medicare population. J Clin Epidemiol. 1999;52(3):243-9.
Baron JA, Barrett JA, Karagas MR. The epidemiology of peripheral fractures. Bone. 1996;18(3): S209-13.
Sanders KM, Seeman E, Ugoni AM, Pasco JA, Martin TJ, Skoric B, et al. Age and gender specific rate of fractures in Australia: a population-based study. Osteoporosis Int. 1999;10(3):240-7.
Brauer CA, Coca-Perraillon M, Cutler DM, Rosen AB. Incidence and mortality of hip fractures in the United States. JAMA. 2009;302(14):1573-9.
Nguyen TV, Eisman JA, Kelly PJ, Sambrook PN. Risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in elderly men. Am J Epidemiol.1996;144(3):255-63.
Lewis CE, Ewing SK, Taylor BC, Shikany JM, Fink HA, Ensrud KE, et al. Predictors of non-spine fracture in elderly men: the MrOS study. J Bone Miner Res. 2007;22(2):211-9.
Edwards MH, Jameson K, Denison H, Harvey NC, Sayer AA, Dennison EM, et al. Clinical risk factors, bone density and fall history in the prediction of incident fracture among men and women. Bone. 2013;52(2):541-7.
Saunders E. Hypertension in minorities: blacks. Am J Hypertens. 1995;8(S1):115S-9S.
Anyaehie UE, Ejimofor OC, Akpuaka FC, Nwadinigwe CU. Pattern of femoral fractures and associated injuries in a Nigerian tertiary trauma centre. Niger J Clin Pract. 2015;18(4):462-6.
